Table 1.
Participant characteristics: males and females with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their comparison groups
| Characteristic | Males | Females | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males with ADHD | Comparison males | Females with ADHD | Comparison females | |
| N individuals | 23 377 | 233 770 | 6662 | 66 620 |
| N practices | 778 | 778 | 749 | 749 |
| N deaths (%) | 193 (0.83) | 1219 (0.52) | 148 (2.22) | 902 (1.35) |
| Median age at death (IQR) | 38.93 (24.74–60.94) | 42.12 (23.95–74.60) | 77.22 (62.68–85.55) | 82.97 (70.52–89.69) |
| Age at cohort entry | ||||
| Median age at entry (IQR) | 18.95 (18.00–24.54) | 18.95 (18.00–24.54) | 22.10 (18.00–31.50) | 22.10 (18.00–31.50) |
| 18–24 years | 17 881 (76.49) | 178 810 (76.49) | 4095 (61.47) | 40 950 (61.47) |
| 25–34 years | 3630 (15.53) | 36 300 (15.53) | 1205 (18.09) | 12 050 (18.09) |
| 35–44 years | 1020 (4.36) | 10 200 (4.36) | 581 (8.72) | 5810 (8.72) |
| 45–54 years | 498 (2.13) | 4980 (2.13) | 323 (4.85) | 3230 (4.85) |
| 55–64 years | 175 (0.75) | 1750 (0.75) | 184 (2.76) | 1840 (2.76) |
| 65+ years | 173 (0.74) | 1730 (0.74) | 274 (4.11) | 2740 (4.11) |
| Median length of follow-up (IQR) | 2.54 (1.03–5.53) | 3.24 (1.34–6.18) | 2.17 (0.80–4.62) | 2.56 (1.06–5.38) |
| Socioeconomic status (Townsend score) (%) | ||||
| 1: least deprived | 2884 (12.34) | 41 902 (17.92) | 832 (12.49) | 11 359 (17.05) |
| 2 | 2895 (12.38) | 38 325 (16.39) | 830 (12.46) | 10 592 (15.90) |
| 3 | 4121 (17.63) | 42 820 (18.32) | 1074 (16.12) | 11 860 (17.80) |
| 4 | 4755 (20.34) | 41 458 (17.73) | 1324 (19.87) | 11 596 (17.41) |
| 5: most deprived | 3854 (16.49) | 28 804 (12.32) | 1115 (16.74) | 8794 (13.20) |
| Missing | 4868 (20.82) | 40 461 (17.31) | 1487 (22.32) | 12 419 (18.64) |
| Year of cohort entry | ||||
| 2000–2009 | 6811 (29.14) | 68 110 (29.14) | 1731 (25.98) | 17 310 (25.98) |
| 2010–2019 | 16 566 (70.86) | 165 660 (70.86) | 4931 (74.02) | 49 310 (74.02) |
Note: Age at cohort entry has a 6-month margin of error, because only year of birth is available for over-18 s in IQVIA Medical Research Data (IMRD). Ages are identical for matched groups because we matched by year of birth.