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Population
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Studies that included children (aged up to 18 years) and/or adults (aged 18 years and above) with a diagnosis of a mental health or neurodevelopmental condition (as defined by the ICD-11 (3)), in clinical and community (including educational) settings. Studies evaluating DAIs delivered to participants with dementia were included as a diagnosis of dementia is categorised in ‘mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorders’ in the ICD-11 (3). |
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Intervention
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DAIs (including dog-assisted therapy and dog-assisted activity) delivered to participants with a diagnosis of a mental health and/or neurodevelopmental condition. |
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Comparator
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Studies with the following controls were considered: normal practice (‘usual care’), waiting-list control, or any other intervention described by the authors as a comparator. |
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Outcomes
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Studies that reported: mental health and behavioural outcomes (e.g., agitation, anxiety, social behaviour, verbalisation). |
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Study designs
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RCTs (including randomised feasibility and pilot trials). |
