Table 2. Intention-to-treat analysis of psychiatric and suicidal behaviour outcomes in individual with an autoimmune disorder diagnosis initiating a glucocorticoid versus those who do not (indication cohort), stratified by past psychiatric diagnosis.
| Outcome | Time | Overall cohort (N = 287,366) | Past mental health cohort (N= 39,742) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cumulative risk (%) | Hazard Ratio | Cumulative Risk (%) | Hazard Ratio | ||||
| Initiators | Controls | Initiators | Controls | ||||
| Anxiety | 14 days | 0.10 (0.07,0.13) | 0.06 (0.06,0.07) | 1.70 (1.27,2.27) | 0.59 (0.40,0.79) | 0.31 (0.28,0.35) | 1.90 (1.35,2.66) |
| 120 days | 0.57 (0.48,0.66) | 0.40 (0.38,0.42) | 1.55 (1.25,1.93) | 3.12 (2.49,3.75) | 1.96 (1.81,2.11) | 1.73 (1.33,2.24) | |
| 365 days | 1.15 (1.01,1.28) | 0.99 (0.95,1.02) | 1.34 (1.16,1.55) | 5.48 (4.60,6.37) | 4.51 (4.29,4.73) | 1.47 (1.22,1.77) | |
|
Bipolar
disorder |
14 days | 0.02 (0.01,0.03) | 0.01 (0.01,0.02) | 1.22 (0.62,2.40) | 0.11 (0.03,0.19) | 0.10 (0.08,0.12) | 1.11 (0.53,2.31) |
| 120 days | 0.10 (0.06,0.14) | 0.09 (0.08,0.10) | 1.16 (0.67,2.00) | 0.60 (0.31,0.90) | 0.60 (0.52,0.68) | 1.05 (0.58,1.89) | |
| 365 days | 0.20 (0.14,0.26) | 0.18 (0.17,0.20) | 1.10 (0.75,1.62) | 1.28 (0.86,1.70) | 1.25 (1.13,1.38) | 1.00 (0.66,1.51) | |
| Depression | 14 days | 0.03 (0.02,0.05) | 0.04 (0.03,0.04) | 0.92 (0.57,1.46) | 0.18 (0.08,0.27) | 0.20 (0.18,0.23) | 0.86 (0.48,1.56) |
| 120 days | 0.24 (0.18,0.31) | 0.24 (0.22,0.26) | 0.97 (0.68,1.39) | 1.22 (0.84,1.60) | 1.28 (1.17,1.40) | 0.91 (0.58,1.41) | |
| 365 days | 0.74 (0.63,0.85) | 0.61 (0.58,0.64) | 1.08 (0.88,1.34) | 3.28 (2.63,3.92) | 2.96 (2.79,3.14) | 1.00 (0.76,1.31) | |
|
Schizophrenia
spectrum disorders |
14 days | 0.02 (0.00,0.03) | 0.02 (0.01,0.02) | 1.10 (0.52,2.31) | 0.11 (0.03,0.20) | 0.11 (0.09,0.13) | 1.03 (0.44,2.44) |
| 120 days | 0.10 (0.06,0.15) | 0.09 (0.08,0.10) | 1.14 (0.66,1.96) | 0.66 (0.34,0.98) | 0.60 (0.52,0.67) | 1.08 (0.56,2.05) | |
| 365 days | 0.18 (0.13,0.24) | 0.19 (0.17,0.20) | 1.11 (0.77,1.60) | 1.21 (0.79,1.62) | 1.20 (1.09,1.31) | 1.08 (0.70,1.67) | |
|
Suicidal
behaviour |
14 days | 0.01 (0.00,0.02) | 0.02 (0.01,0.02) | 0.80 (0.39,1.64) | 0.09 (0.02,0.15) | 0.09 (0.07,0.10) | 1.02 (0.48,2.16) |
| 120 days | 0.10 (0.06,0.13) | 0.12 (0.11,0.13) | 0.79 (0.46,1.38) | 0.53 (0.29,0.78) | 0.60 (0.53,0.68) | 0.94 (0.52,1.71) | |
| 365 days | 0.32 (0.25,0.40) | 0.33 (0.31,0.36) | 0.84 (0.61,1.17) | 1.42 (0.99,1.85) | 1.55 (1.43,1.68) | 0.88 (0.59,1.32) | |