Table 2. Demographics, parity and clinical characteristics according to postpartum psychiatric outcome.
| PP N=20 | PPD N=10 | No PP or PPD N=46 |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics at time of current pregnancy | ||||
| Age (years) at current pregnancy | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 34 (9) | 33 (6) | 34.5 (6) | 0.678 |
| Range | 20-44 | 24-40 | 24-43 | |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| White | 90.0% (18) | 90.0% (9) | 95.7% (44) | 0.503 |
| Non-white | 10.0% (2) | 10.0% (1) | 4.3% (2) | |
| Recruitment | ||||
| Systematic | 50.0% (10) | 70.0% (7) | 54.3% (25) | 0.640 |
| Non-systematic | 50.0% (10) | 30.0% (3) | 45.7% (21) | |
| Education | ||||
| Degree | 60.0% (12) | 70.0% (7) | 67.4% (31) | 0.780 |
| No degree | 40.0% (8) | 30.0% (3) | 32.6% (15) | |
| Factors specific within current pregnancy | ||||
| Parity | ||||
| Primiparous | 40.0% (8) | 70.0% (7) | 45.7% (21) | 0.305 |
| Parous | 60.0% (12) | 30.0% (3) | 54.3% (25) | |
| Planned pregnancy | ||||
| Yes | 68.4% (13) | 66.7% (6) | 85.7% (36) | 0.162 |
| No | 31.6% (6) | 33.3% (3) | 14.3% (6) | |
| Obstetric complications in pregnancy+ | ||||
| Yes | 26.3% (5) | 50.0% (5) | 47.6% (20) | 0.253 |
| No | 73.7% (14) | 50.0% (5) | 52.4% (22) | |
| Obstetric complications in delivery + | ||||
| Yes | 42.1% (8) | 77.8% (7) | 55.0% (22) | 0.222 |
| No | 57.9% (11) | 22.2% (2) | 45.0% (18) | |
| Prophylactic mood stabiliser use in postpartum | ||||
| Yes | 55.6% (10) | 70% (7) | 58.7% (27) | 0.746 |
| No | 44.4% (8) | 30% (3) | 41.3% (19) | |
| Psychiatric history at time of current pregnancy | ||||
| Age (years) at onset of impairing BD | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 21 (9) | 18 (5) | 20 (10) | 0.210 |
| Range | 13-36 | 15-23 | 11-36 | |
| Number of episodes of mania per illness year (avg.) | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 0.29 (0.33) | 0.67 (2.35) | 0.33 (0.43) | 0.211 |
| Range | 0.11-2.01 | 0.08-3.42 | 0.05-7.37 | |
| Number of episodes of depression per illness year (avg.) | ||||
| Median (IQR) | 0.40 (0.79) | 0.51 (0.63) | 0.44 (0.37) | 0.723 |
| Range | 0-1.85 | 0.06-1.11 | 0-4.34 | |
Ns differ due to unknown data. PP: postpartum psychosis (mania or psychosis) with onset within six weeks of delivery. PPD: non-psychotic depression (but not PP) with onset within three months postpartum. No PP/PPD: no postpartum psychosis or postpartum depression within three months of delivery. † Obstetric complications defined according to ICD-10 criteria (World Health Organisation, 2012)