Table 2.
Demographic characteristics of participators in EBF group and NBF group (n = 421)
| Characteristic | Total Sample n(%) /Mean ± Sd | EBF Group | NBF Group | χ2/ t | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child’s gender | 0.487 | 0.485 | |||
| Boy | 226 (53.68) | 128 (52.24) | 98 (55.68) | ||
| Girl | 195 (46.32) | 117 (47.76) | 78 (44.32) | ||
| Child’s ethnicity | 0.006 | 0.940 | |||
| Han | 338 (80.29) | 197 (80.41) | 141 (80.11) | ||
| Other national | 83 (19.71) | 48 (19.59) | 35 (19.89) | ||
| Delivery mode | 8.691 | 0.003 | |||
| Natural delivery | 234 (55.58) | 151 (61.63) | 83 (47.16) | ||
| Caesarean section | 187 (44.42) | 94 (38.37) | 93 (52.84) | ||
| Mother’s education level | 6.280 | 0.179 | |||
| Completed junior high school or less | 53 (12.59) | 25 (10.20) | 28 (15.91) | ||
| Completed senior high school or technical certificate | 75 (17.81) | 40 (16.33) | 35 (19.89) | ||
| College degree | 114 (27.08) | 68 (27.76) | 46 (26.14) | ||
| University degree | 156 (37.05) | 95 (38.78) | 61 (34.66) | ||
| Graduate degree | 23 (5.46) | 17 (6.94) | 6 (3.41) | ||
| Mother’s age | 30.00 ± 4.50 | 30.00 ± 4.04 | 30.00 ± 5.06 | −1.156 | 0.248 |
| Father’s education level (n=420) | 10.293 | 0.036 | |||
| Completed junior high school or less | 53 (12.62) | 31 (12.65) | 22 (12.57) | ||
| Completed senior high school or technical certificate | 76 (18.10) | 34 (13.88) | 42 (24.00) | ||
| College degree | 112 (26.67) | 70 (28.57) | 42 (24.00) | ||
| University degree | 153 (36.43) | 90 (36.73) | 63 (36.00) | ||
| Graduate degree | 26 (6.19) | 20 (8.16) | 6 (3.43) | ||
| Father’s age | 31.00 ± 5.63 | 31.00 ± 6.09 | 31.00 ± 5.28 | −0.322 | 0.747 |
| Family structure | 1.310 | 0.520 | |||
| Nuclear family | 159 (37.77) | 98 (40.00) | 61 (34.66) | ||
| Extended family | 258 (61.28) | 145 (59.18) | 113 (64.20) | ||
| Single-parent or reconstituted family | 4 (0.95) | 2 (0.82) | 2 (1.14) | ||
| Per capita monthly income (USD, n=420) | 2.511 | 0.643 | |||
| ≤ 435 | 50 (11.90) | 27 (11.02) | 23 (13.14) | ||
| 435- < 725 | 101 (24.05) | 54 (22.04) | 47 (26.86) | ||
| 725- < 1000 | 92 (21.90) | 54 (22.04) | 38 (21.71) | ||
| 1000- < 1445 | 69 (16.43) | 42 (17.14) | 27 (15.43) | ||
| ≥ 1445 | 108 (25.71) | 68 (27.76) | 40 (22.86) | ||
| Children number in family (n=419) | 0.087 | 0.769 | |||
| Multiple children | 151 (36.04) | 89 (36.63) | 62 (35.23) | ||
| One-child | 268 (63.96) | 154 (63.37) | 114 (64.77) | ||
| Location of hospital | 24.41 | < 0.001 | |||
| Site A | 120 (28.50) | 62 (25.31) | 58 (32.95) | ||
| Site B | 117 (27.79) | 69 (28.16) | 48 (27.27) | ||
| Site C | 119 (28.27) | 59 (24.08) | 60 (34.09) | ||
| Site D | 65 (15.44) | 55 (22.45) | 10 (5.68) |
EBF exclusive breastfeeding, NBF non-breastfeeding