Table 2.

A brief review of previously reported literature on management outcomes of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH)

Study	No. of cases	Mean age (years)	MC presenting complaint	IHC	Management	Mean treatment duration	Mean follow-up	Recurrence
Harris et al.,[4] 2003	7	NA	NA	NA	Surgery RT (2) Curettage + ILS (4) Curettage (1)	NA	11.7 months	Nil
Cheung et al.,[11] 2006	3	27	Orbital pain, swelling	S-100, CD1a (2), CD 1a (1)	Surgery (1) Surgery + RT (2)	NA	2.1 years	Nil
Das et al.,[19] 2009	3	6	Periocular swelling	S 100 +	Curettage + RT (1) Curettage + RT + CT - (1) Biopsy + CT + oral steroids (1)	NA	4.5 years	Nil
Herwig et al.,[8] 2013	5	4.3	Trauma, Periocular swelling	S 100 (1), S 100, CD 1a (2)	Surgery (1), Surgery + CT (4)	7.25 months	5.3 years	Nil
Esmaili et al.,[20] 2016	6	2.8	Periocular swelling	CD 1a+	Surgery (1) Curettage + ILS (1) Curettage + ILS + CT (3) Curettage + CT + BMT (1)	29.3 weeks	65.5 months	1 case
Singh et al.,[22] 2016	8	8	Upper lid swelling	S100, CD 1a, CD 68+	Curettage + ILS (4) Incisional biopsy + ILS (4)	NA	30 months	Nil
Present study	9	10.1	Lid swelling, Prominence of eyes	S 100, CD 1 a +	Surgery (2) Surgery + steroids (3) Surgery + CT (4)	3.85 months	17.85 months	Nil

MC: Most common; IHC: Immunohistochemistry; NA: Not available; RT: Radiotherapy; CT: Chemotherapy; ILS: Intralesional steroid; BMT: Bone marrow transplantation