Table 2.

Cox regression analysis of survival rates according to variables.

	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Age (per 1-year increase)	1.09 (1.08–1.11)	<0.001	1.09 (1.07–1.11)	< 0.001
Gender (ref: female)	1.65 (1.20–2.27)	0.002	1.87 (1.35–2.59)	< 0.001
CCI score (per 1-point increase)	1.22 (1.17–1.28)	<0.001	1.09 (1.03–1.15)	0.003
Hypertension	4.80 (2.90–7.96)	<0.001	1.55 (0.90–2.65)	0.111
Insulin use	1.78 (1.29–2.46)	<0.001	–	–
Groups:
N-MFOM (ref: CON)	2.60 (1.52–4.43)	<0.001	1.79 (1.04–3.10)	0.036
MFOM (ref: CON)	1.62 (1.14–2.30)	0.007	1.38 (0.97–1.97)	0.076
MFOM (ref: N-MFOM)	0.62 (0.36–1.10)	0.100	0.77 (0.44–1.35)	0.052

Data are expressed as hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval, CI); multivariate analysis adjusted for age, gender, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score, hypertension and group according to metformin use; ref: reference; CON, patients not taking diabetic drugs; MFOM, patients taking metformin; N-MFOM, patients taking diabetic medications other than metformin.