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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Apr 10.
Published in final edited form as: J Control Release. 2020 Jan 7;320:45–62. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.01.009

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6.

Summary of future directions for clinical use of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). Promising future biomedical applications of IONPs include imaging (MPI, positive contrast agent in MRI, multimodal imaging), magnetic/active targeting and blood-brain barrier (BBB) crossing and treatment (magnetic hyperthermia, activation of immune system by immune cell polarization, cell based therapy and nucleic acid delivery).