TABLE 1.
Univariate and Multivariate Analyses of Prognostic Factors for Overall Survival
| Univariate Analysis† | Multivariate Analysis† | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | n (%) | Mean Survival (mo)* | HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P |
| Age at diagnosis (y) | ||||||||
| Median (range): 60 (22-85) | ||||||||
| ≤60 | 40 (53) | 253 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| >60 | 36 (47) | 135 | 4.336 | 1.438-13.073 | 0.004 | 4.243 | 1.351-13.327 | 0.013 |
| MEN2 syndrome | ||||||||
| Yes | 11 (14) | 253 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| No | 65 (86) | 154 | 7.862 | 1.026-60.258 | 0.020 | 9.075 | 1.072-76.830 | 0.043 |
| Ki-67 proliferative index (%) | ||||||||
| <3 | 63 (83) | 195 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| ≥3 | 13 (17) | 94 | 3.781 | 1.375-10.398 | 0.006 | 1.556 | 0.298-8.122 | 0.600 |
| Mitotic count (/2 mm2) | ||||||||
| <3 | 68 (89) | 178 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| ≥3 | 8 (11) | 105 | 3.855 | 1.307-11.372 | 0.010 | 5.795 | 1.281-26.220 | 0.023 |
| Coagulative necrosis | ||||||||
| Present | 5 (7) | 58 | 6.567 | 1.793-24.058 | 0.001 | 2.110 | 0.410-10.860 | 0.372 |
| Absent | 71 (93) | 190 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Sex (male) | ||||||||
| Female | 41 (54) | 188 | 1 | — | — | — | ||
| Male | 35 (46) | 167 | 2.016 | 0.808-5.030 | 0.125 | |||
| Tumor size (n=70) (mm) | ||||||||
| Median (range): 17 (1-65) | ||||||||
| ≤17 | 35 (50) | 179 | 1 | — | — | — | ||
| >17 | 35 (50) | 157 | 0.873 | 0.316-2.411 | 0.793 | |||
| Vascular space invasion | ||||||||
| Present | 36 (47) | 181 | 1.249 | 0.495-3.152 | 0.638 | — | — | — |
| Absent | 40 (53) | 157 | 1 | |||||
| Lymph node metastasis | ||||||||
| Present | 45 (59) | 186 | 0.796 | 0.306-2.070 | 0.639 | — | — | — |
| Absent | 31 (41) | 169 | 1 | |||||
| Spindled morphology | ||||||||
| ≥50% | 14 (18) | 193 | 0.730 | 0.207-2.566 | 0.622 | — | — | — |
| <50% | 62 (82) | 187 | 1 | |||||
| Sheet-like growth | ||||||||
| Present | 8 (11) | 49 | 2.604 | 0.559-12.132 | 0.206 | — | — | — |
| Absent | 68 (89) | 185 | 1 | |||||
| Incipient necrosis | ||||||||
| Present | 57 (75) | 176 | 1.797 | 0.589-5.486 | 0.296 | — | — | — |
| Absent | 19 (25) | 182 | 1 | |||||
| Nuclear grade | ||||||||
| High | 14 (18) | 179 | 0.990 | 0.321-3.048 | 0.985 | — | — | — |
| Low | 62 (82) | 189 | 1 | |||||
| Multinucleated cells | ||||||||
| Present | 39 (51) | 190 | 0.811 | 0.311-2.113 | 0.668 | — | — | — |
| Absent | 37 (49) | 131 | 1 | |||||
| Prominent nucleoli | ||||||||
| Present | 41 (54) | 180 | 1.257 | 0.486-3.254 | 0.637 | — | — | — |
| Absent | 35 (46) | 158 | 1 | |||||
| Fibrosis/amyloid deposition | ||||||||
| ≥50% | 16 (21) | 175 | 0.492 | 0.113-2.144 | 0.335 | — | — | — |
| <50% | 60 (79) | 174 | 1 | |||||
*Mean survival calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
†Cox regression model.
P-values are obtained using a χ2 test.
Bold values indicate statistically significant.
CI indicates confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio.