Table 3b.
Thumb and wrist movement range (90th %ile – 10th %ile): Across participant marginal means (and standard errors) for joint angles (°). Joint angles were expressed relative to a reference posture where the forearm, hand, and fingers were aligned along the longitudinal axis, and the thumb was extended and straightened to the lateral side of the index finger.
| Tablet Size | Tablet Orientation | Swipe Zone2 | Swipe Orientation | Swipe Direction | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-value | 8” | 10” | P-value | Portrait | Landscape | P-value3 | TL | TR | BL | BR | P-value | Horizontal | Vertical | P-value | Normal-in | Reverse-out | |
| Wrist | |||||||||||||||||
| Extension(°) | 0.27 | 10 (1) | 10 (1) | 0.51 | 10(1) | 11(1) | <0.001 | 13 (1) A | 9 (1) B | 13 (1) A | 8 (1) B | 0.12 | 10(1) | 11(1) | 0.21 | 10(1) | 10(1) |
| Ulnar Deviation (°) | 0.79 | 9 (1) | 10 (1) | 0.83 | 10 (1) | 10 (1) | 0.05 | 12 (1) A | 10 (1) B | 12 (1) A | 9 (1) B | 0.28 | 10 (1) | 10 (1) | 0.36 | 10 (1) | 11 (1) |
| CMC | |||||||||||||||||
| Extension(°) | 0.4 | 12 (1) | 12 (1) | 0.27 | 12 (1) | 13 (1) | 0.08 | 13 (1) | 12 (1) | 13 (1) | 11 (1) | 0.11 | 14 (1) | 12 (1) | 0.74 | 12 (1) | 12 (1) |
| Abduction(°) | 0.77 | 13 (2) | 14 (2) | 0.58 | 12 (2) | 14 (2) | 0.022 | 15 (2) A | 10 (2) C | 13 (2)B | 10 (2) C | <0.001 | 15 (2) | 10 (2) | 0.12 | 14 (2) | 13 (2) |
| Pronation(°) | 0.52 | 15 (2) | 14 (2) | 0.39 | 14 (2) | 14 (2) | 0.07 | 16 (2) | 14 (2) | 15 (2) | 14 (2) | 0.22 | 16 (2) | 15 (2) | 0.69 | 15 (2) | 15 (2) |
| MCP | |||||||||||||||||
| Flexion(°) | 0.44 | 17 (2) | 17 (2) | 0.18 | 18 (2) | 17 (2) | 0.14 | 18 (2) | 18 (2) | 19 (2) | 20 (2) | <0.001 | 16 (2) | 20 (2) | 0.18 | 18 (2) | 19 (2) |
| Abduction(°) | 0.45 | 16 (2) | 15 (2) | 0.58 | 15 (2) | 14 (2) | 0.32 | 17 (2) | 16 (2) | 17 (2) | 15 (2) | <0.001 | 16 (2) | 10 (2) | 0.77 | 16 (2) | 15 (2) |
| IP | |||||||||||||||||
| Flexion (°) | 0.17 | 14 (2) | 15 (2) | 0.74 | 15 (2) | 15 (2) | <0.001 | 20 (2)A | 13 (2)B | 18 (2)A | 12 (2)B | <0.001 | 13 (2) | 18 (2) | 0.51 | 14 (2) | 15 (2) |
Repeated Measures ANOVA with participant as a random variable, Tablet size (2 levels), Tablet Orientation (2 levels), Swipe Location (4 levels), Swipe Orientation (2 levels), Swipe Direction (2 levels) as fixed effect. Bold values indicate a significant effect (p<0.05).
TL= top left, TR=top right, BL=bottom left, BR=bottom right
For significant main effects, Tukey’s Post-Hoc groupings are ranked such that A>B>C. Values with the same superscript letters indicate no significant difference.