Table 2.
Clinical data, arterial blood gases, and echocardiographic findings with the administration of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and almitrine in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to coronavirus disease 2019
| Variables | Baseline | iNO | iNO + almitrine |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical parameters | |||
| Systolic arterial pressure (mmHg) | 141 (122–148) | 131 (115–146) | 131 (117–145) |
| Diastolic arterial pressure (mmHg) | 58 (56–73) | 60 (51–73) | 57 (47–74) |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 82 (66–94) | 80 (70–95) | 78 (73–96) |
| Heart rate (rpm) | 102 (86–111) | 95 (86–117) | 93 (87–116) |
| Pulse oxygen saturation (%) | 98 (95–99) | 98 (97–99) | 100 (98–100)a,b |
| Arterial blood gas | |||
| FiO2 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| pH | 7.30 (7.29–7.36) | 7.32 (7.30–7.37)a | 7.32 (7.30–7.39)a |
| PaO2 (mmHg) | 102 (89–134) | 124 (108–146) | 180 (132–206)a,b |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 48 (40–55) | 45 (40–60) | 46 (39–56) |
| Bicarbonates (mmol/L) | 26 (23–32) | 26 (22–32) | 28 (23–31) |
| SaO2 (%) | 97 (94–97) | 98 (96–98) | 99 (98–99)a |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 1.0 (0.9–1.6) | 1.1 (0.9–1.8) |
| Echocardiographic parameters | |||
| VTI LVOT (cm) | 17 (15–22) | 16 (15–21) | 20 (17–25) |
| Cardiac index (L/min/m2) | 3.2 (2.2–4.1) | 2.8 (2.2–3.6) | 2.9 (2.7–4.2) |
| TR velocity peak (m/s) | 2.8 (2.1–3.1) | 2.2 (2.0–2.9) | 2.7 (2.1–3.0) |
| LV eccentricity index | 0.95 (0.9–1.0) | 0.97 (0.92–1.0) | 0.97 (0.84–1.0) |
| RV/LV surface ratio | 0.5 (0.41–0.54) | 0.44 (0.37–0.57) | 0.49 (0.45–0.63) |
Values are expressed as median (interquartile range)
iNO inhaled nitric oxide, FiO2 fraction of inspired oxygen, PaO2 arterial oxygen tension, PaCO2 arterial carbon dioxide tension, SaO2 arterial oxygen saturation, VTI LVOT velocity–time integral of left ventricular outflow tract, TR tricuspid regurgitation, LV left ventricle, RV right ventricle
aDenotes a p value < 0.05 as compared to baseline, for paired Wilcoxon (with Benjamini–Hochberg correction) following Friedman test
bDenotes a p value < 0.05 as compared to iNO, for paired Wilcoxon (with Benjamini–Hochberg correction) following Friedman test. Baseline denotes supine position, a median of 4 [2–6] hours after end of last proning session