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. 2020 Jun 17;48(14):7712–7727. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaa514

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© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 6. — Model of CDK12 function in transcription. During the transcription cycle, CDK12 phosphorylates Ser2 and Ser5 of the pol II CTD and possibly other factors involved in transcription such as SPT6. Inhibition of CDK12 affects the pol II elongation rate by affecting the recruitment and/or stability on the chromatin of LEO1 and CDC73 from the PAF1 complex (PAF1C) and SPT6. CDK12 inhibition does not affect pol II pause release, which is mediated by CDK9. Orange line with ‘cap’: capped mRNA; orange and red dot: Ser2P and Ser5P, respectively. Red and violet arrows: phosphorylation mediated by CDK9 and CDK12, respectively.