Table 3. Neurodevelopmental outcome subscale z-scores in children with severe anaemia compared with Community control children.

	Unadjusted means			Adjusted means
	Severe anaemia n = 171 Mean, (SE)	Control n = 88 Mean (SE)	Holm’s corrected p-value	Severe Anaemia n = 171 Mean, (SE)	Control n = 88 Mean (SE)	Holm’s corrected p-value
Cognition	-0.19, (0.00)	0.00, (0.00)	0.01	-0.20, (0.01)	0.00, (0.01)	0.02
Receptive communication	-0.14, (0.00)	0.00, (0.00)	0.06	-0.15, (0.01)	0.00, (0.01)	0.07
Expressive communication	-0.31, (0.00)	0.00, (0.00)	<0.001	-0.32, (0.01)	0.00, (0.12)	<0.001
Overall language #	-0.24, (0.00)	0.00, (0.00)	0.01	-0.25, (0.01)	0.00, (0.01)	<0.001
Fine motor	-0.09, (0.00)	0.00, (0.00)	0.43	-0.08, (0.01)	0.00, (0.02)	0.29
Gross motor	-0.24, (0.00)	0.00, (0.00)	0.01	-0.25, (0.01)	0.00, (0.01)	0.02
Overall motor *	-0.17, (0.00)	0.00, (0.00)	0.06	-0.17, (0.01)	0.00, (0.01)	0.05

Note

^# Overall language z-score is a combined score of receptive communication and expressive communication scores.

* Overall motor z-score is a combined score of fine motor and gross motor scores.

Age- and sex-adjusted z-scores were computed using CC children as the reference population.

Mean z-scores were adjusted for nutrition status (weight-for-age), maternal education, paternal employment and socioeconomic status.

All p-values have been adjusted for multiple testing using Holm’s procedure [Holm. S. (1979)].