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. 2020 Aug 3;11(8):e00198. doi: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000198

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© 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The American College of Gastroenterology

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

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Figure 1. — Mesenteric macrophages show a proinflammatory to regulatory gradient at the rectum, but this is inverted in the ileocecal region. (a) Schematic overview of mesorectal tissue sampling. (b) Mesorectal CD206⁺/CD206⁻ ratios in control patients (n = 4: 3 suffering from ulcerative colitisand 1 from refractory constipation). (c) Mesorectal CD206⁺/CD206⁻ ratios in patients with Crohn's disease (n = 13). *P < 0.05 compared with proximal, #P < 0.05 compared with distal ulcerative colitis (UC)/noninflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as calculated by t test. (d) Schematic overview of mesenteric tissue sampling in the ileocecal region. (e) CD206⁺/CD206⁻ ratios in the ileocecal region of patients with UC or without IBD (n = 7: 3 suffering from ulcerative colitis, 2 from refractory constipation, and 2 from a cecal adenoma/carcinoma). (f) CD206⁺/CD206⁻ ratios in the ileocecal region of patients with Crohn's disease with terminal ileitis (n = 38). **P < 0.01, compared with terminal ileum; #P < 0.05, compared with central UC/non-IBD as calculated by t-test.