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. 2020 Oct 27;2020:8820881. doi: 10.1155/2020/8820881

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Copyright © 2020 Mariagiovanna Cantone et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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TMS findings, proposed diagnostic algorithm, and main rTMS effects in VCI. Legend (in alphabetic order): CADASIL: cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy; DLPFC: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; ICF: intracortical facilitation; iSP: ipsilateral silent period; LTP: long-term potentiation; MD: mixed dementia; MEP: motor evoked potential; rMT: resting motor threshold; rTMS: repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation; SAI: short-latency afferent inhibition; TMS: transcranial magnetic stimulation; VaD: vascular dementia; VCI: vascular cognitive impairment; VD: vascular depression.