Table 4.
Changes in prevalence of antibiotic non-susceptibility between pre-PCV and PCV13 periods
|
Number of isolates (%) |
Adjusted p value by linear regression* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-PCV period | PCV13 period | |||
| Overall (n) | 1577 | 814 | .. | |
| Penicillin | 774 (49%) | 277 (34%) | <0·0001 | |
| Chloramphenicol | 78 (5%) | 39 (5%) | 0·93 | |
| Erythromycin | 377 (24%) | 122 (15%) | <0·0001 | |
| Cotrimoxazole | 1118 (71%) | 399 (49%) | <0·0001 | |
| Tetracycline | 446 (28%) | 148 (18%) | <0·0001 | |
| Multidrug resistance† | 410 (26%) | 125 (15%) | <0·0001 | |
| Non-VT isolates only (n) | 249 | 575 | .. | |
| Penicillin | 52 (21%) | 169 (29%) | 0·0016 | |
| Chloramphenicol | 14 (6%) | 31 (5%) | 0·33 | |
| Erythromycin | 3 (1%) | 65 (11%) | 0·0031 | |
| Cotrimoxazole | 120 (48%) | 224 (39%) | 0·021 | |
| Tetracycline | 36 (14%) | 80 (14%) | 0·83 | |
| Multidrug resistance† | 21 (8%) | 59 (10%) | 0·79 | |
PCV=pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. PCV13=13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. VT=vaccine serotype.
*
A generalised linear regression to detect the significant correlation between PCV13 introduction and changes in antibiotic prevalence after accounting for the variations between countries.
†
Multidrug resistance was defined as isolates non-susceptible to three or more classes of antibiotics detected in this study.