Table 3.

Standardized Regression Coefficients from Path Models Testing the Main Effects of ACEs Variables (dichotomous coding, upset rating, age) on Mental Health

	Dependent: Depressive symptoms			Dependent: PTSD symptoms			Dependent: Anxiety symptoms			Dependent: Externalizing behavior
	Model 1: Yes/no	Model 2: Upset Rating	Model 3: Age	Model 1: Yes/no	Model 2: Upset Rating	Model 3: Age	Model 1: Yes/no	Model 2: Upset Rating	Model 3: Age	Model 1: Yes/no	Model 2: Upset Rating	Model 3: Age
Divorce	.01	−.01	--	.06	.04	--	.06	.06	--	.01	.01	--
Parental incarceration	.07	.08	--	.05	.04	--	.08 *	.08 *	--	−.02	−.02	--
Witnessing IPV	−.04	−.05	.14	.11	.11	.10	.04	.04	.10	.02	−.01	.10
Household member substance use	−.12 *	−.11	−.08	−.08	−.10	.00	−.07	−.10	−.35 *	−.04	−.09	.17
Death of parent	.03	.02	--	.02	.01	--	.02	.02	--	.01	.01	--
Foster care/parental separation	.07	.03	--	.01	.03	--	.04	.06	--	-.02	-.05	--
Sexual abuse	.15 *	.15 *	.20	.10	.11	.10	−.06	−.01	.17	.11	.12 *	.17
Physical abuse	−.01	.02	.11	.05	.05	.13	.01	−.06	.06	−.04	.09	.14
Physical neglect	−0.03	−.01	.02	−.08	−.04	.27 **	.05	.08	.03	−.01	−.01	.24 *
Emotional neglect	.34 **	.34 **	.09	.23 **	.23 **	−.30 **	.14 *	.14 *	−.13	.12	.15 *	.15
Emotional abuse	.11	.05	.09	.13	.08	.32 **	.11	.07	.10	.16 *	.08	−.07

Note:

^**p<.01,

^*p<.05;

all path models and included sex, age, maltreatment status, and race as covariates. Several ACEs variables were too infrequent to obtain reliable parameter coefficients and are indicated with ‘--’ in the cells. Separate models were used for ACEs variables: dichotomous coding; upset rating; age at 1st occurrence. IPV=intimate partner violence. Upset rating was recoded to zero for any who did not endorse the item. The model with upset rating only for those endorsing each item showed no significant main effects thus only the variable with the non-endorsement recoded to zero is shown