Table 4.

Joint/combined associations of the DIS and LIS with incident, sporadic adenoma in three pooled case-control studies (CPRU Study, 1991 – 1994; MAP I Study, 1994 – 1997; and MAP II Study, 2002; pooled N = 2,751)

	LIS quintilesa,b										Pinteractionc
		1		2		3		4		5
	Nd	OR (95% CI)	Nd	OR (95% CI)	Nd	OR (95% CI)	Nd	OR (95% CI)	Nd	OR (95% CI)
DIS quintilesa,b
1	24/86	1.00 (ref)	29/83	1.13 (0.82–1.55)	23/99	1.49 (1.11–2.00)	24/82	1.63 (1.21–2.19)	29/50	1.97 (1.47–2.65)
2	25/95	1.20 (0.90–1.61)	28/82	1.36 (0.89–2.09)	42/71	1.80 (1.19–2.72)	31/71	1.96 (1.30–2.97)	32/79	2.38 (1.58–3.58)
3	18/101	1.09 (0.82–1.47)	15/73	1.23 (0.80–1.91)	42/75	1.63 (1.08–2.47)	40/93	1.78 (1.18–2.69)	29/54	2.16 (1.42–3.28)
4	20/90	1.20 (0.90–1.61)	17/66	1.36 (0.88–2.10)	33/81	1.79 (1.18–2.72)	43/78	1.96 (1.29–2.96)	44/83	2.37 (1.58–3.57)
5	15/76	1.34 (1.01–1.79)	29/63	1.51 (0.99–2.32)	30/73	2.00 (1.33–3.02)	43/84	2.18 (1.45–3.29)	60/98	2.65 (1.77–3.95)	0.08

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CPRU, Cancer Prevention Research Unit; DIS, dietary inflammation score; LIS, lifestyle inflammation score; MAP, Markers of Adenomatous Polyps; OR, odds ratio

^aFor construction of inflammation scores, see text and Table 1; higher scores indicate a higher balance of pro- versus anti-inflammatory exposures

^bCovariates in the joint/combined unconditional logistic regression models were: age, sex, education (less than college graduate or college graduate or higher), hormone therapy use (among women), family history of colorectal cancer in a first degree relative (yes/no), regular aspirin or other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (≥ once/week), former smoking status (yes/no), total energy intake (kcal/day), and study (MAP I, MAP II, or CPRU)

^cFrom lifestyle score*diet score interaction term in the full logistic regression model, calculated using the likelihood ratio test

^dNumber of cases/controls