Pressure traces obtained by the isolated bladder-urethra preparation in urethane anesthetized female rats. Top trace is anterograde urethral perfusion pressure, bottom trace is isovolumetric bladder pressure. Left panel is control period, right panel is following 333 ug/kg of a-bungarotoxin. Note the drop in baseline urethral pressure, absence of HFPO, and smooth muscle relaxation of the urethra, with no change in bladder pressure characteristics, following neuromuscular blockade (right panel). [Fraser MO, unpublished observation]