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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurourol Urodyn. 2020 Jun 8;39(6):1868–1884. doi: 10.1002/nau.24415

Figure 7.

Figure 7.

a. (left) Phases of the voiding contraction adapted from Maggi et al.9,22 (see text for additional details). b. (right) Maximal isovolumetric bladder contraction amplitudes (dashed lines) cannot be determined from open cystometry, but can be identified from closed outlet systems.