Schematic of the Toledo Collins Park Water Treatment Plant pipeline, indicating where water samples were obtained. Water samples were taken from three locations within the treatment system: the intake crib (site 1, “intake”) which carries the water from Lake Erie directly to the plant for treatment, the surge well within the low service pump station (site 2, “surge”) where the water is treated with potassium permanganate, and the raw water that enters the Collins Park WTP following activated carbon treatment (site 3, “raw”). (Adapted from reference 49 with permission.)