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. 2020 Oct 28;165:115–126. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.165.57341

A new species of Thinouia (Paullinieae, Sapindaceae) from the Amazon and its phylogenetic placement

Herison Medeiros 1,3,✉, Jenifer de Carvalho Lopes 1, Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez 2, Rafaela Campostrini Forzza 3
PMCID: PMC7642129  PMID: 33192150

Abstract

Thinouia is a Neotropical genus of lianas with approximately 12 species and is the only genus in tribe Paullinieae with actinomorphic flowers. During a taxonomic revision of the genus and fieldwork in south-western Amazonia, we found a new species that appears similar to Thinouiatrifoliata (ex Allosanthus) because of its racemiform inflorescence. However, before describing the new species, we had to confirm that Allosanthus was congeneric with Thinouia so we could place the new species in the correct genus. The results of the phylogenetic analysis, based on molecular data (trnL intron and ITS sequences), show that Allosanthus should be included in Thinouia. Thus, the new taxon is described here as Thinouiacazumbensissp. nov. The new species is described, illustrated and phylogenetic trees showing relationships within supertribe Paulliniodae and Thinouia and the congeneric Allosanthus are given.

Keywords: Allosanthus , Amazonia, Brazil, lianas, neotropical biodiversity, Paulliniodae, Paullinieae, Sapindales, Sapindaceae, taxonomy, Thinouia

Introduction

Thinouia is a neotropical genus of lianas that includes around 12 species, of which T.myriantha Planch. & Triana is widely distributed, including records from Mexico, Central America and northern South America (Ferrucci and Somner 2008; Acevedo-Rodríguez et al. 2011). The remaining species are distributed in Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Peru, except for T.tomocarpa Standl. which is restricted to Mexico, Belize and Guatemala. Most Thinouia species occur in rainforest; a few species occur in savannah (BFG 2015).

Thinouia was proposed by Triana and Planchon (1862). It is characterised by the presence of umbelliform and racemiform thyrses, actinomorphic flowers with marginal or bifid petal appendages, an annular disc and schizocarpic fruits that split into three mericarps, each with a distal wing (Ferrucci and Somner 2008; Acevedo-Rodríguez et al. 2017).

Molecular phylogenetic studies show that Thinouia is a monophyletic group in Sapindaceae. In the most recent phylogenetic study, tribe Paullinieae (i.e. Cardiospermum, Lophostigma, Paullinia, Serjania, Thinouia and Urvillea) is a well-supported clade with Thinouia sister to the remaining genera (Acevedo-Rodríguez et al. 2017). In the same work, the monospecific genus Allosanthus (A.trifoliatus Radlk.) was maintained as a synonym of Thinouia, based on morphological characters. The only differentiating character (i.e. a racemiform inflorescence) was not considered worthy of generic recognition (Acevedo-Rodríguez et al. 2011, 2017).

During a taxonomic revision of the genus and fieldwork in south-western Amazonia, we found a new species of Thinouia that is similar to Thinouiatrifoliata (Radlk.) Acev.-Rodr. & Ferrucci because of its racemiform inflorescence. Since we now have high-quality DNA material for the taxa previously assigned to Allosanthus, we re-analysed the placement of Allosanthus within Thinouia and further tested the monophyly of Thinouias.l., which revealed the correct position of the new species.

Material and methods

Plant material

We collected the new species in Reserva Extrativista do Cazumbá-Iracema in Sena Madureira, Acre, Brazil. The collection was pressed and dried for vouchers, leaves were collected in silica gel for DNA extraction and reproductive structures were fixed in 70% alcohol for morphological analyses, which were performed using a stereomicroscope. The morphological structures were described using the terminology in Radford et al. (1974) and Weberling (1989). The herbarium abbreviations cited in the text follow Thiers (2020, cont. upd.).

Phylogenetic analysis

The phylogenetic analysis included the same taxa and molecular markers of Acevedo-Rodríguez et al. (2017), 93 taxa, plastid marker trnL intron and nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer, ITS. Six samples (Allosanthus sp., Allosanthustrifoliatus, Thinouiamucronata, T.myriantha, T.obliqua and Thinouia sp.), including the new species, were added to the analysis, using the same molecular markers. For these additional taxa, approximately 60 mg of leaf tissue were pulverised with Tissuelyzer (Qiagen, Duesseldorf, Germany) for 3 min at 60 hz. The DNA extraction used the DNA NucleoSpin Plant II kit (Machery-Nagel, GmbH & Co. KG, Dueren, Germany) following the manufacturer’s protocol. Primers and the PCR amplification were used, as described in Acevedo-Rodríguez et al. (2017). Products were purified and sequenced by Macrogen (Seoul, South Korea). All sequences, vouchers and GenBank accession numbers are summarised in Appendix I.

The alignments were performed using MAFFT (Katoh et al. 2002) using the default parameters implemented in Geneious 2020.0.5 (Kearse et al. 2012). Poorly-aligned regions were removed and adjusted manually. We used jModelTest 2.0 (Guindon et al. 2010; Darriba et al. 2012) and the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to select the best-fit model of nucleotide substitution for each dataset. The GTR+I+G was selected as the best model for the ITS dataset, whereas the GTR+G was selected as the best model for the trnL dataset. Bayesian Inference (BI) analyses were conducted using MrBayes 3.2.2 (Ronquist et al. 2012) in the online CIPRES Science Gateway interface (Miller et al. 2015) with four Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) runs using a random starting tree and 10 million generations, with a sampling frequency of one every 1000 generations. We used Tracer 1.7 (Rambaut et al. 2018) to check for convergence of the MCMC and to check for stationarity. We discarded 25% of the trees as burn-in.

Phylogenetic trees were plotted and built inside the R environment (R Core Team 2020), version 3.6.2, using the packages ggplot2 (Wickham et al. 2020), ggtree (Yu et al. 2017; Yu and Lam 2020) and cowplot (Wilke 2019).

Results

Phylogenetic results

The ITS dataset included 99 terminals and 876 bp, the trnL dataset included 99 terminals and 727 bp and the combined dataset included 99 terminals and 1604 bp. Phylogenetic trees from the analyses of the combined dataset showed high posterior probability values (PP > 0.8). Only the topology from the combined analysis is described here (Fig. 1). Separate analyses of each locus did not reveal any strong groupings that would indicate incongruences.

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

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A bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree from a Bayesian analysis of the combined, two-marker dataset for Paulliniodae and outgroups B relationships of Thinouia and the congeneric Allosanthus [(=Thinouiatrifoliata (Radlk.) Acev.-Rodr. & Ferrucci], including the newly-described Thinouiacazumbensis sp. nov. Bayesian posterior probability values are indicated above the branches.

Supertribe Paulliniodae is strongly supported as monophyletic (Fig. 1 A, PP = 1.0). The tribe Paullinieae is also strongly supported as monophyletic (PP = 1.0) and the genus Thinouia (including Allosanthus) is recovered as the clade, sister to the remaining genera of the tribe Paullineae (PP = 1.0). Thinouia species are grouped in two main clades that are in a polytomy with the new species Thinouiacazumbensis. The first clade (PP = 1.0) includes Thinouiaobliqua, T.mucronata, T.restingae and T.cf.mucronata species. The second one (PP = 0.8) includes Thinouia sp., T.myriantha and T.trifoliata (= Allosanthustrifoliatus Radlk.) (Fig. 1).

Taxonomic treatment

Thinouia cazumbensis

Medeiros sp. nov.

767D9AA5-E898-5F21-BB0B-18F0CBADF2B7

urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77212573-1

Figure 2

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

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ThinouiacazumbensisA fruiting branch B detail of leaf, abaxial view C racemiform inflorescence with a pair of basal tendrils D detail of inflorescence (cincinnus) E flower with removed petals showing a 5-lobed nectary disc F detail of fruit G infructescence (A–G) from H. Medeiros 3401 (RB). Photos by H. Medeiros.

Diagnosis.

The new species differs from Thinouiatrifoliata by the 5-lobed floral disc, fruits with trichomes and basal petal appendages smaller than the petals, versus annular disc, glabrous fruits and marginal petal appendages larger than the petals.

Type.

Brazil. Acre. Sena Madureira. Reserva Extrativista do Cazumbá-Iracema, Núcleo Cazumbá, castanhal coletivo, floresta ombrófila aberta com bambu, 9°8'30"S, 68°56'23"W, 20 Jul 2018, H. Medeiros, M. Silveira & E.M. Soares 3401, (holotype RB!; isotypes: INPA!, SPF!, UFACPZ!, US!).

Description.

Tendrilled liana 6–8 m long; stem puberulent, with yellowish to whitish indumentum, lenticellate; cross section simple, cylindrical. Leaves trifoliolate; stipules ca. 2 mm long, hirsute-tomentose, linear triangular to lanceolate; petiole 2–8.5 cm long, canaliculate; petiolules of lateral leaflets 0.2–0.8 cm long; leaflets 7–14 × 3–9 cm, oblong to ovate- rhomboidal, apex acute, mucronate, margins entire to dentate-serrate, with 2–4 teeth reduced to inconspicuous glands, ciliate, base truncate, rounded to obtuse, sometimes cuneate on the distal leaflet, glabrous on both surfaces, domatia sometimes in the axils of abaxial secondary veins. Thyrses axillary, racemiform, ca. 8.5–16 cm long, peduncle 1.1–2.8 cm long, rachis of 7.5–16 cm long; numerous cincinnus, sessile. Flowers ca. 2 mm long, pedicel ca. 0.5 mm long; sepals 5, ca. 1 mm long, fused at the base, lobes ovate, acute, glabrous and with prominent veins on the internal surface, external surface villous; petals 5, ca. 1.5 mm long, obovate, obtuse, clawed, villous on the central part and margins, the rest glabrous; petal appendages rudimentary, bifid, smaller than the petals, basally adnate, villous; nectary disc glabrous, 5-lobed, lobes ca. 1 mm long; staminate flower: stamens 8, 1.5 mm long, filaments villous for more than half of their length, anthers glabrous, pistillode ca. 1.5 mm long; pistillate flower: staminodes ca. 1 mm long, pistil ca. 1.5 mm long, style 0.5 mm long, with 3 stigmas, ovary ca. 1 mm long. Fruits ovate, chartaceous, 5–5.5 × 2–2.3 cm; cocci slightly inflated, 1.2–1.4 × 1.1–1.4 cm, including the ca. 2–3 mm long stipe constricted at junction with wing; epicarp densely strigose (simple trichomes of same length) on cocci, strigose on wings; endocarp glabrous. Seeds trigonous ovoid, ca. 6 × 4 mm, basally attached, glabrous, mature embryo not observed.

Thinouiacazumbensis is differentiated from most species of Thinouia by the thyrses axillary, racemiform (Fig. 2A, C) and the 5-lobed nectary disc, a character that is unique and for the first time recorded in the genus (Fig. 2E). The lobed nectary disc within Thinouia should be further investigated through morpho-anatomical studies to understand how nectaries evolved within the genus.

Distribution and ecology.

Thinouiacazumbensis is known only from the Reserva Extrativista do Cazumbá-Iracema (Fig. 3) where it is an infrequent liana that reaches the canopy of the open rainforest with abundant bamboo (Guadua spp.) (Silveira 2005).

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

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Geographic distribution of Thinouiacazumbensis.

Phenology.

Collected in flower and fruit during July.

Etymology.

The epithet cazumbensis refers to Reserva Extrativista do Cazumbá-Iracema, where the species was collected. In the 1980s, local rubber tappers and extractivists fought against the area becoming a rural settlement and on 19 September 2002 succeeded in getting the area designated as a conservation unit (ICMBio 2007). Situated in the State of Acre between the municipalities of Sena Madureira and Manoel Urbano, the Reserva Extrativista do Cazumbá-Iracema covers an area of 750,794.70 hectares of the Western Amazon Corridor, one of the seven major ecological corridors proposed for Brazil (Ricardo and Lima 2004).

Conservation status.

The species is only known from one locality in Acre and is categorised as Data Deficient (DD) according to IUCN (2019). Further field studies are needed to evaluate its conservation status more accurately.

Discussion

The broader relationships that we recovered within supertribe Paulliniodae largely agree with those in Acevedo-Rodríguez et al. (2017). Additionally, with the inclusion of new sequences of Thinouia in this study merged with sequence data from Acevedo-Rodríguez et al. (2017), our results recovered the same clades in tribe Paullinieae, where Thinouia forms a clade that is the earliest diverging lineage. Therefore, our phylogenetic results reinforce including Allosanthus in Thinouia as proposed by Acevedo-Rodriguez et al. (2011), based on morphological characters. The only differentiating morphological character (i.e. the racemiform inflorescence) was not considered worthy of generic recognition by Acevedo-Rodriguez et al. (2011, 2017) and the molecular data in the present study corroborate this conclusion. The position of the new species as a member of Thinouia is strongly supported albeit its relationship to other species is not fully resolved, perhaps because of our limited sampling of Thinouia or because only two markers have been sequenced.

Conclusion

Thinouiacazumbensis is supported as a distinct taxon, based on morphological and molecular sequence data. Its position within the genus is still undetermined, highlighting the need for in-depth taxonomic studies on this genus. Ongoing systematics studies, based on molecular and morphological analyses of Thinouia, should provide additional insights into the evolution and biogeographic history of this neotropical genus (H. Medeiros et al. in prep.).

Supplementary Material

XML Treatment for Thinouia cazumbensis

Acknowledgements

This paper was possible through the financial support from the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) to HM, by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de São Paulo (FAPESP; 2018/11272-5) to JCL and by research grants from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq; 303420/2016-2) and Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ; E-26/202.778/2018) to RCF. The authors thank Jéssica Francisco and Ricardo Perdiz for assistance with the preparation of the phylogeny and comments on an earlier version of the manuscript, Genise Somner, Maria S. Ferruci, Marc Appelhans and the anonymous reviewer for their numerous suggestions that greatly improved this manuscript and Mark T. Strong (US) for proofreading the manuscript. We also thank ICMBio in Sena Madureira for support during field work.

Appendix I

Voucher and GenBank information for the taxa included in the phylogenetic analyses. Listed as: taxon, collection, herbarium, place of origin and GenBank accession numbers (ITS, trnL intron). Herbarium acronyms follow Index Herbariorum (Thiers, continuously updated).

Allophylastrumfrutescens Acev.-Rodr., Lima 812 (K), Brazil, KX584885, KX584982. Allophylusabyssinicus (Hochst.) Radlk., Desissa & Binggeli DD-318 (MO), Ethiopia, KX584886, KX584983. Allophylusafricanus P. Beauv., Balkwill 4206 (MO), South Africa, KX584887, KX584984. Allophylusarboreus Choux, Wohlhauser & Stiefle 60072 (MO), Madagascar, KX584888, KX584985. Allophylusbicruris Radlk., Barthelat 828 (MO), Mayotte, KX584889, KX584986. Allophylusbojerianus (Cambess.) Blume, Ratovoson 961 (MO), Madagascar, KX584890, KX584987. Allophyluschaunostachys Gilg, Mwangoko 729 (MO), Tanzania, KX584891, KX584988. Allophyluschirindensis Baker f., Hizza 26 (MO), Tanzania, KX584892, KX584989. Allophyluscominia Sw., Acevedo-Rodríguez 12216 (US), Mexico, KX584893, KX584990. Allophyluscrassinervis Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez s.n. (no voucher), Puerto Rico, KX584894, KX584991. Allophylusdecipiens (E. Mey.) Radlk., Phillipson 4194 (MO), South Africa, KX584895, KX584992. Allophylusgardineri Summerh., Pignal 1834 (MO), Mayotte, KX584897, KX584994. Allophylushirtellus (Hook. f.) Radlk., Cheek 5059 (?), KX584898, KX584995. Allophyluspervillei Blume, Hoffmann 399 (MO), Mayotte, KX584899, KX584996. Allophyluspoungouensis Pellegr., McPherson 16109 (MO), Gabon, KX584900, KX584997. Allophyluspuberulus (Cambess.) Radlk., Somner 1069 (US), Brazil, KX584901, KX584998. Allophylusracemosus Sw., Acevedo-Rodríguez 12180 (US), Mexico, KX584902, KX584999. Allophylusrubifolius (A. Rich.) Engl., Kuchar 23357 (MO), Tanzania, KX584903, KX585000. Allophylus sp., Acevedo-Rodríguez 14847 (NY), Brazil, KX584904, KX585001. Athyanaweinmanniifolia (Griseb.) Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 11166 (US), Bolivia, KX584906, KX585003. Balsasguerrerensis Cruz Durán & K. Vega, Vega Flores 1318 (US), Mexico, KX584908, KX585005. Bridgesiaincisifolia Cambess., Landrum 9824 (NY), Chile, KX584909, KX585006. Cardiospermumcorindum L., Harder & Bringham 3495 (MO), Zambia, KX584912, KX585007. Cardiospermumcuchujaquense Ferrucci & Acev.-Rodr., Van Devender 92-1012 (ARIZ), Mexico, KX584914, KX585008. Cardiospermumgrandiflorum Sw., ATBP 603 (MO), Uganda, KX584915, KX585009. Cardiospermumgrandiflorum Sw., Gildenhuys H1 (?), Hawaii, KM062277, KM062362. Cardiospermumheringeri Ferrucci, Urdampilleta 437 (US), Brazil, KX584917, KX585010. Cardiospermumurvilleoides (Radlk.) Ferrucci, Urdampilleta 425 (US), Brazil, KX584922, KX585013. Chimborazoalachnocarpa (Radlk.) H.T. Beck, Wiggens 11060 (US), Ecuador, KX584923, KX585014. Diatenopteryxsorbifolia Radlk., Zardini 43371 (MO), Paraguay, EU720534, EU721303. Dictyoneuraobtusa Blume, Edwards KE142 (JCT), Australia, EU720428, EU721187. Diploglottiscampbellii Cheel, Chase 2048 (K), Australia, EU720457, EU721224. Guindiliadissecta (Covas & Burkart) Hunz., Ferrucci 2928 (CTES), Argentina, KX584926, KX585017. Guioavillosa Radlk., McPherson 18040 (MO), New Caledonia, EU720544, EU721314. Haplocoeluminoploeum Radlk., Lap 117 (?), FJ514259, FJ514265. Houssayanthusbiternatus (Weath) Rzed. & Calderón, Catalán & Terán 837 (MO), Mexico, KX584927, KX585018. Houssayanthusincanus (Radlk.) Ferrucci, Ferrucci 2710 (CTES), Argentina, KX584928, KX585019. Jagerajavanica (Blume) Kalkman, Chase 2130 (K), Bogor, EU721236, EU720468. Lepisanthessenegalensis (Poir.) Leenh., Callmander 627 (MO), Madagascar, EU720492, U72126. Lophostigmaplumosum Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 6554 (US), Bolivia, KX584929, KX585020. Macphersoniagracilis O. Hoffm., Rabenantoandro 1081 (MO), Madagascar, EU720550, EU721320. Mataybaguianensis Aubl., Acevedo-Rodríguez 12342 (US), French Guiana, EU720527, EU721294. Melicoccuslepidopetalus Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 11128 (US), Bolivia, EU720443, EU721206. Paulliniaclathrata Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 14305 (US), Peru, KX584930, KX585021. Paulliniacoriacea Casar., Somner 1070 (RBR), Brazil, KX584931, KX585022. Paulliniacuneata Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 14255 (US), Peru, KX584932, KX585023. Paulliniaelegans Cambess., Acevedo-Rodríguez 14976 (US), Brazil, KX584933, KX585024. Paulliniahystrix Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 14417 (US), Peru, KX584934, KX585025. Paulliniaimberbis Radlk., Schunke Vigo 14928 (US), Peru, KX584935, KX585026. Paulliniaolivacea Radlk., Schunke Vigo 16002 (US), Peru, KX584936, KX585027. Paulliniapinnata L., Acevedo-Rodríguez 11088 (US), French Guiana, KX584937, KX585028. Paulliniaprevostiana Acev.-Rodr., Acevedo-Rodríguez 11113 (US), French Guiana, KX584938, KX585029. Paulliniarubiginosa Cambess., Thomas 12995 (US), Brazil, KX584939, KX585030. Paulliniaspicata Benth., Acevedo-Rodríguez 12344 (US), French Guiana, KX584941, KX585032. Paulliniastellata Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 14958 (US), Brazil, KX584942, KX585033. Paulliniaxestophylla Radlk., Hoffman 5955 (US), Suriname, KX584943, KX585034. Plagioscyphusunijugatus Capuron, Buerki 145 (NEU), Madagascar, EU720475, EU721245. Sapindusoligophyllus Merr. & Chun, How 70627 (US), China, KX584944, KX585035. Serjaniaaltissima (Poepp.) Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 14953 (US), Brazil, KX584945, KX585036. Serjaniaampelopsis Planch. & Lind., Acevedo-Rodríguez 11181 (US), Bolivia, KX584946, KX585037. Serjaniacaracasana (Jacq.) Willd., Acevedo-Rodríguez 15107 (US), Mexico, KX584947, KX585038. Serjaniacf.caracasana (Jacq.) Willd., Acevedo-Rodríguez 3483 (US), Guyana, KX584948, KX585039. Serjaniaclematidifolia Cambess., Somner 1078 (RBR), Brazil, KX584949, KX585040. Serjaniacommunis Cambess., Somner 1334 (US), Brazil, KX584950, KX585041. Serjaniacuspidata Cambess., Somner 1400 (US), Brazil, KX584951, KX585042. Serjaniaemarginata Kunth, Acevedo-Rodríguez 15135 (US), Mexico, KX584954, KX585043. Serjaniaerythrocaulis Acev.-Rodr. & Somner, Acevedo-Rodríguez 3729 (US), Brazil, KX584955, KX585044. Serjaniaeucardia Radlk., Somner 1072 (RBR), Brazil, KX584956, KX585045. Serjaniafuscifolia Radlk., Somner 1455 (RBR), Brazil, KX584957, KX585046. Serjaniaichthyoctona Radlk., Somner 1081 (RBR), Brazil, KX584960, KX585048. Serjanialethalis St. Hil., Roque 1860 (ALCB), Brazil, KX584961, KX585049. Serjanialethalis St. Hil., Somner 1381 (RBR), Brazil, KX584962, KX585050. Serjaniamarginata Casar., Acevedo-Rodríguez 11131 (US), Bolivia, KX584963, KX585051. Serjaniamexicana (L.) Willd., Acevedo-

Rodríguez 12014 (US), Jamaica, KX584965, KX585052. Serjaniamexicana (L.) Willd., Acevedo-Rodríguez 15080 (US), Mexico, KX584966, KX585053. Serjaniapaniculata Kunth, Acevedo-Rodríguez 15143 (US), Mexico, KX584967, KX585054. Serjaniaperulacea Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 11134 (US), Bolivia, KX584968, KX585055. Serjaniaunguiculata Radlk., Acevedo-Rodríguez 15081 (US), Mexico, KX584969, KX585056. Serjaniayucatanensis Standl., Acevedo-Rodríguez 12183 (US), Mexico, KX584970, KX585057. Talisianervosa Radlk., Pennington 628 (MO), ~, EU720474, EU721244. Talisiaobovata A.C. Sm., Lombello 13 (MO), Brazil, EU720485, EU721255. Thinouiacazumbensis sp. nov., Medeiros 3401 (RB) Brazil, MT853074, MT847016. Thinouiamucronata Radlk., Keller 6919 (US), Argentina, KX584971, KX585058. Thinouiacf.mucronata Radlk., Medeiros 3800 (RB) Brazil, MT853076, MT847018. Thinouiamyriantha Radlk., Torke 2024 (HSTM), Brazil, MT853071, MT847013. Thinouiaobliqua Radlk., Medeiros 3793 (RB) Brazil, MT853075, MT847017. Thinouia sp., Medeiros 2193 (RB), Brazil, MT853072, MT847014. Thinouiarestingae Ferrucci & Somner, Somner 1074 (RBR), Brazil, KX584972, KX585060. Thinouiatrifoliata (Radlk.) Acev.-Rodr. & Ferrucci, Medeiros 3331 (RB), Brazil, MT853073, MT847015. Thouiniaacuminata S. Watson, Liston 633-2, ––, EU720478, EU721249. Thouiniavillosa DC., Hall 825 (US), Mexico, KX584975, KX585062. Tristiropsisacutangula Radlk., Chase 1358 (K), Bogor, EU720453, EU721220. Urvilleachacoensis Hunz., Acevedo-Rodríguez 11133 (US), Bolivia, KX584976, KX585063. Urvilleachacoensis Hunz., Keller 6834 (US), Argentina, KX584977, KX585064. Urvilleapterocarpa (Radlk.) Acev.-Rodr. & Ferrucci, Urdampilleta 321 (US), Brazil, KX585012, KX584921. Urvillearufescens Cambess., Somner 1073 (RBR), Brazil, KX584978, KX585065. Urvilleaulmacea Kunth, Acevedo-Rodríguez 15145 (US), Mexico, KX584979, KX585066. Urvilleaulmacea Kunth, Reyes-García 5585 (MO), Mexico, KX584980, KX585067. Vouaranaguianensis Aubl., Acevedo-Rodríguez 5031 (US), French Guiana, KX584981, KX585068.

Citation

Medeiros H, de Carvalho Lopes J, Acevedo-Rodríguez P, Forzza RC (2020) A new species of Thinouia (Paullinieae, Sapindaceae) from the Amazon and its phylogenetic placement. PhytoKeys 165: 115–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.165.57341

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Associated Data

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Supplementary Materials

XML Treatment for Thinouia cazumbensis
phytokeys.165.57341-treatment1.xml (13.2KB, xml)

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