. 2020 Aug 25;37(11):2783–2796. doi: 10.1007/s10815-020-01928-x

Table 2.

Pooled results and judgments of the QoE for obstetrical outcomes following singletons with VTS versus original singletons

	All studies				Sensitivity analysis^a
	N	Patients, n VTS vs. control^b	WMD (95% CI)^c	I²	N	Patients, n VTS vs. control	WMD (95% CI)	I²	Interpretation	QoE^d
GA	13	3780 vs. 49,763	− 0.27 [− 0.44, − 0.11]	72	10	3067 vs. 32,986	− 0.34 [− 0.58, − 0.10]	78	Reductions are worse	Very low^f
BW	14	4719 vs. 54,819	− 125.33 [− 162.93, − 87.73]	73	10	3714 vs. 34,418	− 141.07 [− 189.04, − 93.11]	75	Reductions are worse	Very low^f
		Events/patients, n VTS vs. control	OR (95% CI) ^e			Events/patients, n VTS vs. control	OR (95% CI)
PTB	10	363/2722 vs. 4177/46810	1.48 [1.19, 1.85]	70	7	276/2009 vs. 2633/30078	1.74 [1.28, 2.36]	73	Reductions are worse	Very low^f
VPTB	7	54/1993 vs. 382/29892	2.04 [1.43, 2.51]	15	6	52/1909 vs. 367/29290	2.13 [1.49, 3.05]	16	Reductions are worse	Low
LBW	10	335/2932 vs. 2135/29532	1.78 [1.35, 2.33]	76	8	314/2802 vs. 2046/28838	1.96 [1.42, 2.72]	78	Reductions are worse	Very low^f
VLBW	9	67/2835 vs. 261/28734	2.09 [1.39, 3.14]	32	7	54/2705 vs. 231/28040	2.18 [1.42, 3.34]	30	Reductions are worse	Low
SGA	8	159/1393 vs. 1875/26742	1.81 [1.14, 2.87]	77	6	74/679 vs. 420/9189	1.90 [0.96, 3.74]	79	Reductions are worse	Very low^f
Congenital anomalies	4	100/1110 vs. 827/11245	1.23 [0.88, 1.73]	35	3	67/858 vs. 521/7407	1.01 [0.77, 1.32]	0	No difference	Very low^g
Mortality	3	13/955 vs. 44/9888	3.07 [1.63, 5.80]	0	3	13/955 vs. 44/9888	3.07 [1.63, 5.80]	0	Reductions are worse	Low^{g h}
GHD	4	25/433 vs. 215/4130	1.20 [0.67, 2.18]	35	4	25/433 vs. 215/4130	1.20 [0.67, 2.18]	35	No difference	Very low^g
APH	3	14/367 vs. 88/3835	1.54 [0.83, 2.88]	0	3	14/367 vs. 88/3835	1.54 [0.83, 2.88]	0	No difference	Very low^g

N, no. of studies; OR, odds ratio; WMD, weight mean difference; CI, confidence interval; GA, gestational age at delivery; BW, birth weight; PTB, preterm birth (< 37 weeks); VPTB, very preterm birth (< 32 weeks); LBW, low birth weight (< 2.5 kg); VLBW, very low birth weight (< 1.5 kg); SGA, small for gestational age, APH, antepartum hemorrhage; GHD, gestational hypertensive diseases

^aSensitivity analysis restricted eligibility to studies deemed to be of high quality

^bThe number of participants, events, and proportions considered all women included in these studies

^cA WMD < 0 suggest an significantly lower of this outcome in singleton with VTS compared with original singleton

^dAll outcomes were downgraded two levels because evidence come from observational studies

^eA OR > 1.0 suggest an increased risk of this outcome in singleton with VTS compared with original singleton

^fDowngraded one level because of inconsistency

^gDowngraded one level because of imprecision

^hUpgraded one level because of large effects