TABLE 3.
Variables and scales.
| Variables | No. of items | References |
| Financial knowledge | 6 | Perry and Morris, 2005 |
| Money attitudes | 49 | Klontz et al., 2011 |
| Financial self-efficacy | 6 | Lown, 2011 |
| Risk attitudes | 8 | Zhang et al., 2019 |
| Stock market participation | 8 | Luotonen, 2009 |