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. 2020 Nov 3;11:5401. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19174-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Flexural stress–strain curves of all-natural bioinspired structural material with different pretreatments. b Comparison of flexural strength and stiffness of all-natural bioinspired structural material with different pretreatments. Error bars represent standard deviation. c Fracture toughness for crack initiation (K_Ic) and steady-state (K_Jc) of the all-natural bioinspired structural material and some natural nacre¹⁸. Error bars represent standard deviation. d Rising crack-extension resistance curves (evaluated by the steady-state fracture toughness K_Jc) of the all-natural bioinspired structural material and some natural nacre¹⁸.