Table 3.
Association and differences between anxiety and demographic variables, knowledge, psychological distress, fear.
| Variable | COVID-19 anxiety status | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| χ2-test | t-test/ANOVA | ||||||
| No N (%) | Yes N (%) | χ2 | P | M(SD) | t/F | P | |
| Age, years* | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 21.8 (3.3) | 21.3 (2.8) | 0.397 | 0.85 | |||
| Gender | |||||||
| Male | 228 (82) | 50 (18) | 2.4 | 0.119 | 6.3 (3.2) | −7.49 | 0.0001 |
| Female | 136 (87.7) | 19 (12.3) | 3.8 (3.8) | ||||
| Educational program | |||||||
| Arts | 166 (83) | 34 (17) | 4.8 | 0.189 | 5.9 (3.4) | 3.27 | 0.021 |
| Engineering | 102 (88.7) | 13 (11.3) | 4.8 (3.4) | ||||
| Health sciences/sciences | 63 (85.1) | 11 (14.9) | 5.5 (4) | ||||
| Medical | 33 (75) | 11 (25) | 4.5 (4.3) | ||||
| Dwelling status | |||||||
| Villa | 213 (84.9) | 38 (15.1) | 3.7 | 0.157 | 5.7 (3.2) | 5.82 | 0.003 |
| Apartment | 120 (85.7) | 20 (14.3) | 4.6 (3.9) | ||||
| Dorm/shared | 31 (73.8) | 11 (26.2) | 6.5 (4.5) | ||||
| Time spend reading about COVID-19 | |||||||
| <1 h | 267 (92.1) | 23 (7.9) | 48.5 | 0.0001 | 4.5 (3.1) | 25.0 | 0.0001 |
| 1–2 h | 67 (73.6) | 24 (26.4) | 6.8 (3.4) | ||||
| 3–4 h | 15 (60) | 10 (40) | 7.2 (4.9) | ||||
| More than 4 h | 15 (55.6) | 12 (44.4) | 9 (4.5) | ||||
| History of mental illness | |||||||
| No | 319 (87.9) | 44 (12.1) | 24.4 | 0.0001 | 5.2 (3.5) | −3.37 | 0.001 |
| Yes | 45 (64.3) | 25 (35.7) | 6.7 (4) | ||||
| COVID-19 knowledge | |||||||
| Inadequate knowledge | 64 (80) | 16 20) | 5.4 (4.4) | ||||
| 1.21 | 0.270 | −0.15 | 0.878 | ||||
| Adequate | |||||||
| knowledge | 300 (85) | 53 (15) | 5.4 (3.4) | ||||
| Psychological distress | |||||||
| No | 204 (96.2) | 8 (3.8) | 45.9 | 0.0001 | 14.9 (5.7) | −7.06 | 0.0001 |
| Yes | 160 (72.4) | 61 (27.6) | 20.7 (4.9) | ||||
| COVID-19 fear* | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 15.4 (5.4) | 23 (6.9) | 0.0001 | −10.2 | |||
*
Analyzed as continuous variable (t-test) only, P-values in bold are statistically significant. M, Mean; SD, standard deviation.