Table 3.

Interviewees' suggestions about high-level frameworks for allocation of responsibility for logistics (A), and cost coverage (B) in cross-border access to clinical trials.

(A) Logistics
Joint model	Home country only	Sponsor only	EU
(a) Home and host country. Example: the home country could organize a system for instructing the patients on practical matters related to joining a clinical trial abroad, while the host country could organize accommodation for foreign patients.	(a) Via a “foreign office” in treating hospitals that would organize travel, accommodation, and insurance matter		Via a specifically designated EU organization, or through other appropriate means.
(b) Home and host country, in collaboration with the ERNs (for patient referral).	(b) Via a “special navigator” appointed by the treating hospital to guide each patient seeking to participate in a clinical trial abroad.
(c) Home country, supported by other interested stakeholders. Example: patient organizations	(c) Via the NCPs.
(B) Cost coverage
Sponsor only (regardless commercial or academic)	Different responsibility for commercial and academic sponsors		Joint model (regardless whether the sponsor is commercial or academic)
	(a) Commercial sponsor: to cover all additional costs		(a) Support by the home country.
	(b) Academic sponsor: to be supported by the patient's home country. Example: each country could allocate a specific budget for the enabling of cross-border access to clinical trials.		(b) Support by a special EU fund. Example: One interviewee (F) suggested how to collect resources for this fund–either by re-distributing money from EU's research funds, or by imposing a fee to commercial sponsors for this purpose.
			(c) Support by the host country.