Table 1.
The Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Subjects
| Group | NW | OB | DM-NW | DM-OB |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | 194 | 196 | 168 | 182 |
| Sex (M/F) | 99/95 | 97/99 | 86/82 | 92/90 |
| Age (years) | 36.80±5.86 | 37.81±5.58 | 38.30±5.05 | 37.48±4.75 |
| Height (cm) | 168.16±7.39 | 169.01±7.46 | 165.96±6.06* | 165.44±5.87 |
| Weight (kg) | 64.06±7.93 | 79.61±9.78* | 62.19±7.1 | 77.90±9.36*# |
| WC (cm) | 84.4±4.67 | 100.2±8.76*# | 88.34±6.68 | 98.34±9.27*# |
| BMI (kg/㎡) | 22.60±1.86 | 27.80±2.15*# | 22.55±1.97 | 28.41±2.59*# |
| Fat mass (kg) | 16.42±4.20 | 24.69±6.53*# | 18.50±5.06* | 27.66±7.17*# |
| Fat mass (%) | 25.44±4.80 | 30.94±6.61* | 29.46±6.29* | 35.26±6.70*# |
| PA score | 24.99±2.24 | 25.04±2.24 | 25.11±2.26 | 24.97±2.20 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 121.84±17.65 | 128.42±17.25*# | 135.55±20.58* | 135.81±19.02* |
| DBP (mmHg) | 74.92±11.27 | 79.66±12.19* | 79.24±11.62* | 77.95±10.60* |
| HbA1c (%) | 4.77±0.44 | 5.15±0.58* | 9.07±1.87* | 8.36±1.34* |
| Fins (mU/L) | 5.78±3.42 | 11.27±5.28*# | 4.48±2.94* | 8.84±5.02*# |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 5.20±0.71 | 5.22±0.61*# | 9.36±2.16* | 9.42±1.90*# |
| HOMA-IR | 1.35±0.90 | 2.62±1.28*# | 1.80±1.11* | 3.72±2.30*# |
| HOMA-IS | 1.11±0.77 | 0.49±0.26*# | 0.82±0.59* | 0.37±0.23*# |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.92±0.74 | 3.03±0.91# | 2.53±0.78* | 2.99±1.14# |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.44±0.41 | 1.21±0.33* | 1.14±0.46* | 1.18±0.41* |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.24±0.66 | 1.89±1.21*# | 1.53±0.84* | 2.07±1.28*# |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.62±0.82 | 4.64±1.02# | 4.19±1.00* | 4.90±1.29# |
| Irisin (ng/mL) | 7.91±4.34 | 18.28±10.9*# | 5.66±2.92* | 10.21±4.49*# |
Notes: Data showed as mean±SD. ANOVA was used for normal distribution continuous variables, Kruskal–Wallis test was used for abnormal distribution continuous variables, and χ2 test was used for categorical variables to compare the difference among four groups. *P<0.01 compared to NW group; #P<0.01 compared to DM-NW group.
Abbreviations: NW, normal weight group; OB, overweight and obese group; DM-NW, diabetes with normal weight group; DM-OB, diabetes with overweight/obese group; WC, waist circumference; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, dialectic blood pressure; Fins, fasting plasma insulin; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin sensitivity; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoproteins cholesterol.