Table 9.
Comparison of coping strategies (COPE-28) between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) severity groups: non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH; with and without significant fibrosis) and no-NASH (with and without significant fibrosis).
| COPE-28 |
No-NASH without significant fibrosis (Ga): n = 175 |
NASH with significant fibrosis (Gb): n = 159 |
No-NASH with significant fibrosis (Gc): n = 26 |
NASH without significant fibrosis (Gd): n = 132 |
Statistic | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ma (SD) | Ma (SD) | Ma (SD) | Ma (SD) | |||
| Active coping | 1.99 (0.77) |
1.66 (0.87) |
1.88 (0.78) |
2.10 (0.67) |
U(3,110.482) = 7.99 | <0.001 |
| Planning | 1.27 (1.10) |
1.17 (1.05) |
1.50 (1.00) |
1.52 (0.99) |
F(3,488) = 3.02 | 0.03 |
| Instrumental support | 1.20 (0.99) |
1.03 (0.99) |
0.88 (0.96) |
1.25 (1.05) |
F(3,488) = 1.93 | 0.12 |
| Emotional support | 1.05 (1.01) |
0.98 (0.99) |
0.94 (0.93) |
1.22 (1.04) |
F(3,488) = 1.53 | 0.21 |
| Self-distraction | 0.68 (0.98) |
0.75 (1.02) |
0.58 (0.66) |
0.90 (0.97) |
U(3,120.760) = 1.88 | 0.14 |
| Venting | 1.01 (1.02) |
1.06 (1.06) |
0.86 (0.98) |
0.96 (1.00) |
F(3,488) = 0.37 | 0.77 |
| Disengagement | 0.27 (0.51) |
0.45 (0.63) |
0.42 (0.66) |
0.15 (0.35) |
U(3,106.617) = 9.24 | <0.001 |
| Positive reframing | 1.38 (1.01) |
0.97 (1.06) |
1.17 (1.17) |
1.36 (1.00) |
F(3,488) = 5.35 | 0.001 |
| Denial | 0.17 (0.37) |
0.34 (0.54) |
0.23 (0.51) |
0.14 (0.36) |
U(3,107.139) = 4.74 | 0.004 |
| Acceptance | 2.07 (0.75) |
1.77 (0.90) |
1.90 (0.81) |
2.23 (0.65) |
U(3,109.615) = 9.05 | <0.001 |
| Religion | 0.82 (1.13) |
1.01 (1.19) |
0.96 (1.08) |
0.98 (1.23) |
F(3,488) = 0.79 | 0.50 |
| Substance use | 0.00 (0.07) |
0.00 (0.04) |
0.00 (0.00) |
0.00 (0.00) |
F(3,488) = 0.35 | 0.78 |
| Humor | 1.14 (1.10) |
0.83 (1.01) |
0.96 (1.02) |
1.18 (1.03) |
F(3,488) = 3.42 | 0.02 |
| Self-blame | 0.54 (0.65) |
0.63 (0.76) |
0.54 (0.56) |
0.36 (0.63) |
U(3,120.760) = 1.88 | 0.14 |
A one-way ANOVA (Snedecor's F or Welch's U) was applied depending on whether or not they met the assumption of homoscedasticity.
COPE-28, Brief COPE.
a
Higher scores show more use of the coping strategy.