Fig. 4.

Acyl-CoA synthetase medium-chain family member 2 (ACSM2) in humans follows similar expression patterns to that in mice. A: normal kidney tissue was obtained from the kidney of a healthy transplant donor. Periodic acid-Schiff staining showed no abnormalities. Immunohistochemistry for ACSM2A protein in this sample showed expression of ACSM2 at high levels in proximal tubules. Bars = 100 µm. B: periodic acid-Schiff staining of kidney tissue from a patient with end-stage kidney disease showed marked interstitial fibrosis, interstitial infiltration, and tubular atrophy. Immunohistochemistry for ACSM2A showed a marked decrease in the kidney from this patient. Bars = 100 µm. C: immunohistochemistry for ACSM2A in kidney samples from patients with diabetic nephropathy at different stages. ACSM2A expression decreased with decreased renal function. Bars = 100 µm. D: ACSM2A expression was lower in patients with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis, cisplatin nephropathy, and Fanconi syndrome with decreased renal function. Bars = 100 µm.