. 2020 Nov 5;16:424. doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02603-0

Table 1.

Effects of different levels of fermented or enzymatically treated dried brewers’ grains on growth performance and carcass traits of broilers¹

Treatmnets²	NC	PC	FDBG15%	FDBG10%	FDBG15%	DBG5%+Enz	DBG10%+Enz	DBG15%+Enz	SEM	P-value
Allover growth performance parameters³
BW, g/bird	2414^e	2559^c	2587^b	2690^a	2432^d	2593^b	2332^f	2188^g	9.26	< 0.001
BWG, g/bird	2369^e	2514^c	2542^b	2645^a	2387^d	2549^b	2287^f	2143^g	9.20	< 0.001
FI, g/bird	3939^d	4109^a	4052^b	4001^c	3883^e	3993^c	3915^de	4067^b	59.82	< 0.001
FCR	1.66^c	1.63^cd	1.57^e	1.51^f	1.63^d	1.57^e	1.71^b	1.90^a	< 0.006	< 0.001
Carcass traits⁴
Dressed weight	1458^c	1576^b	1593^b	1641^a	1547^b	1603^a	1422^c	1321^c	0.75	< 0.001
Liver, %	2.52	2.36	2.5	2.32	2.48	2.63	2.26	2.61	0.02	0.11
Gizzard, %	2.20^c	2.26^bc	2.31^b	2.49^a	2.50^a	2.36^b	2.40^ab	2.43^a	0.10	0.03
Spleen, %	0.17	0.14	0.15	0.14	0.15	0.14	0.13	0.14	0.01	0.27
Thymus, %	0.34	0.31	0.38	0.34	0.34	0.37	0.37	0.33	0.05	0.08
Bursa, %	0.06	0.67	0.07	0.08	0.07	0.07	0.08	0.09	0.01	0.5
Abdominal fat, %	1.69	1.72	1.70	1.74	1.74	1.72	1.78	1.76	0.30	<0.32

^a-gMeans within the same row carrying different superscripts are significantly different at P < 0.05. ¹Data represent the mean value of ten replicate pens of 20 birds. ²Treatments include: NC (negative control), PC (positive control), FDBG5% (5% fermented dried brewers grains), FDBG10% (10% fermented dried brewer grain), FDBG15% (15% fermented dried brewers grains), DBG5%+Enz (5%dried brewers grains mixed with enzymes), DBG10%+Enz (10% dried brewers grains mixed with enzymes), DBG15%+Enz (15% dried brewers grains mixed with enzymes).³BW Body weight, BWG Body weight gain, FI Feed intake, FCR Feed conversion ratio.⁴Carcass traits (n=5/treatment)