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. 2020 Sep 2;9(21):8086–8121. doi: 10.1002/cam4.3410

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Summary of resistance factors of PD‐1/PD‐L1. Tumor resistance to PD‐1/PD‐L1 immunotherapy is mainly related to the influence of the five aspects in the figure, each of which can be subdivided into multiple factors to form an interwoven network of mutual influence. Combined multi‐target therapy can improve the tumor response rate, inhibit tumor development, and improve the survival rate of patients