Table 5.

Univariable and Multivariable Analyses for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Poor Outcome Compositea	Unadjusted	Receipt of Any IPT	IPT Categorized by Duration
	OR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)	aOR (95% CI)
Age (per 10-y increase)	1.17 (1.12–1.22)	1.17 (1.12–1.22)	0.17 (1.12–1.22)
First recorded pregnancy	1.18 (1.13–1.24)	1.16 (1.10–1.21)	1.16 (1.10–1.22)
ART prior pregnancy	1.20 (1.13–1.28)	1.02 (.96–1.09)	1.03 (.96–1.10)
History of TB disease	1.13 (1.29–1.48)	1.34 (1.25–1.44)	1.34 (1.25–1.44)
CD4 count, cells/μL
< 200	1.40 (1.28–1.53)	1.22 (1.11–1.33)	1.21 (1.10–1.33)
200–350	1.09 (1.01–1.18)	1.03 (.95–1.12)	1.03 (.95–1.12)
351–500	1.03 (.95–11)	1.01 (.93–1.09)	1.01 (.93–1.09)
> 500 (normal)	Ref	Ref	Ref
Missing	1.42 (1.33–1.52)	1.12 (1.13–1.30)	1.21 (.13–1.30)
HIV VL
≥ 50 copies/mL	Ref	Ref	Ref
< 50 copies/mL	0.82 (.78–.87)	0.82 (.78–.87)	0.82 (.78–.87)
Missing	2.18 (2.02–2.35)	2.17 (2.01–2.35)	2.17 (2.01–2.35)
First ANC visit in primary careb	0.60 (.57–.63)	0.84 (.79–.89)	0.84 (.78–.87)
Delivered in primary carec	0.42 (.39–.45)	0.46 (.42–.49)	0.46 (.42–.49)
Any IPT	0.74 (.69–.79)	0.83 (.78–.87)	…
Duration of IPT
No IPT	Ref	…	Ref
0–5.9 mo (8.6%)	0.78 (.72–.86)	…	0.88 (.80–.97)
6–12 mo (5.9%)	0.72 (.65–.81)	…	0.83 (.74–.93)
> 12 mo (2.1%)	0.60 (.50–.73)	…	0.65 (.53–.79)

Abbreviations: ANC, antenatal care; aOR, adjusted odds ratio; ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IPT, isoniazid preventive therapy; OR, odds ratio; TB, tuberculosis; VL, viral load.

^aCombination of miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight, and neonatal death.

^bFirst antenatal visit at a primary healthcare facility (midwife obstetric unit as opposed to hospital).

^cDelivery in a primary healthcare facility (midwife obstetric unit as opposed to hospital).