Table 1.

Neutrophil Effector Function in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

PMN effector function	Contribution to IBD pathology	Association with MPs	References
ROS	Contribute to oxidative stress, base damage/modification, replication errors, and single-strand breaks.	No	Nguyen et al. (2017), Cadet and Wagner (2013), Kellner et al. (2017), Cadet et al. (2017)
Myeloperoxidase	Generate ROS, promote cells death, and impede wound healing.	Yes	Slater et al. (2017)
Metalloproteinases	Disrupt tissue integrity, increase epithelial and vascular permeability, and immune cell recruitment.	Yes	Butin-Israeli et al. (2016)
Cytokines	Immune cells recruitment and inflammatory polarization, impede wound healing.	TBD	Wera et al. (2016), Wright et al. (2010), Wang et al. (2018)
miRNAs (miR-23a/-155, miR-9)	Posttranscriptionally regulate signaling pathways.	Yes	Butin-Israeli et al. (2019), Distler et al. (2005)

The table summarizes the pathological effector functions of PMNs and their association with MPs as it relates to IBD.

IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; MP, microparticles; PMN, neutrophil; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TBD, to be determined.