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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 5.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Surg. 2020 Aug 10;5:2909.

Table 4.

Outcomes: All, MIS, and Open cases.

Pre-ERAS ERAS (early) ERAS (late) p
All cases (n) 1000 1000 1000
LOS (days) <0.0001abc
Mean (SD) 5.2 (2.8) 4.5 (4.3) 4.0 (3.7)
Median (i.q.r) 4.6 (3.8 – 5.9) 3.2 (2.7 – 4.9) 3.1 (2.2 – 4.1)
30-day readmission (%) 79 (7.9) 76 (7.6) 77 (7.7) 0.97
MIS cases (n) 623 701 697
LOS (days) <0.0001abc
Mean (SD) 4.9 (2.5) 4.2 (4.2) 3.7 (3.2)
Median (i.q.r) 4.2 (3.8 – 5.3) 3.1 (2.3 – 4.2) 3.0 (2.1 – 4.0)
30-day readmission (%) 46 (7.4) 45 (6.4) 52 (7.5) 0.70
Open cases (n) 377 299 303
LOS (days) 0.02b
Mean (SD) 5.5 (3.2) 5.2 (4.5) 4.6 (4.6)
Median (i.q.r) 4.9 (3.2 – 6.3) 4.0 (2.9 – 5.9) 3.1 (2.2 – 5.7)
30-day readmission (%) 33 (8.8) 31 (10.4) 25 (8.3) 0.64

ERAS, Enhanced Recovery after surgery. LOS, length of stay. i.q.r., interquartile range.

p = chi-square test (categorical variables) or ordinary one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (continuous variables).

a,

significant for Pre- vs Early ERAS.

b,

significant for Pre- vs Late ERAS.

c,

significant for Early vs Late ERAS.