Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and biochemical parameters
| Variable | Total (n = 998) | Blood pressure status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Controlled (n = 526) | Uncontrolled (n = 472) | P | ||
| Age (years) | 78.44 ± 12.02 | 78.19 ± 10.65 | 79.71 ± 10.16 | 0.022 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.78 ± 3.07 | 24.67 ± 3.05 | 24.89 ± 3.09 | 0.276 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| Fasting serum glucose (mmol/L) | 5.55 ± 1.22 | 5.51 ± 1.27 | 5.59 ± 1.16 | 0.322 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) [median (IQR)] | 139.20 (325.9) | 116.60 (239.15) | 163.85 (401.10) | 0.231 |
| HS-CRP (mg/dL) [median (IQR)] | 0.30 (0.70) | 0.30 (0.74) | 0.30 (0.68) | 0.471 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.13 ± 0.87 | 4.10 ± 0.81 | 4.17 ± 0.92 | 0.177 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.43 ± 0.71 | 2.40 ± 0.67 | 2.46 ± 0.75 | 0.231 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 7.20 ± 3.42 | 6.85 ± 2.93 | 7.57 ± 3.86 | 0.001 |
| Serum creatinine (mmol/L) | 99.01 ± 66.02 | 93.99 ± 52.77 | 104.60 ± 77.86 | 0.011 |
| eGFR (mL/min) | 82.38 ± 28.04 | 84.32 ± 24.92 | 80.04 ± 31.02 | 0.033 |
| uACR (mg/mmol) [median (IQR)] | 10.54 (32.78) | 7.14 (19.24) | 18.74 (71.79) | <0.0001 |
| Serum uric acid (mmol/L) | 336.99 ± 85.17 | 336.2 ± 79.66 | 337.88 ± 91.01 | 0.756 |
| Proteinuria (g/d) [median (IQR)] | 0.08 (0.11) | 0.07 (0.9) | 0.09 (0.13) | 0.009 |
| Clinical characteristics, n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 352 (36.2) | 169 (32.9) | 183 (39.87) | 0.025 |
| Coronary artery disease | 596 (61.3) | 293 (57.1) | 283 (61.66) | 0.233 |
| Cerebro-vascular disease | 473 (48.7) | 227 (44.2) | 246 (53.59) | 0.004 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 210 (21.1) | 96 (19.3) | 114 (24.26) | 0.022 |
| Current smoker | 378 (38.1) | 197 (37.6) | 181 (38.76) | 0.707 |
| Concomitant therapy | ||||
| Anti-hypertensive therapy, n (%) | 850 (83.7) | 412 (85.8) | 438 (81.7) | 0.071 |
| Number of anti-hypertensive drugs | 1.81 ± 1.17 | 1.98 ± 1.22 | 1.65 ± 1.11 | <0.001 |
| ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 532 (54.0) | 275 (58.9) | 257 (49.6) | 0.004 |
| β-blocker, n (%) | 387 (39.3) | 181 (38.8) | 206 (39.8) | 0.746 |
| Calcium-channel blockers, n (%) | 591 (60.0) | 313 (67.0) | 278 (53.7) | <0.001 |
| Diuretics, n (%) | 234 (23.8) | 134 (28.7) | 100 (19.3) | 0.001 |
| Statin, n (%) | 556 (56.5) | 299 (57.8) | 257 (55.0) | 0.376 |
| Anti-platelet therapy, n (%) | 703 (72.0) | 330 (71.4) | 373 (72.6) | 0.692 |
| Anti-diabetes therapy, n (%) | 340 (34.1) | 180 (38.1) | 160 (30.4) | 0.017 |
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HS-CRP, high-sensitive C-reactive protein; NT pro-BNP, N-terminal fragment pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; IQR, interquartile range; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; uACR, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio.