Table 4.

Changes in Clinical Management After TDM or Empirical Decision. All Values Represent Number (%) Unless Otherwise Indicated

	TDM Group (n=111)	Empirically Group (n=195)
Patients with positive ADA, n (%) Patients with trough level in therapeutic ranges n (%) Patients with trough levels below therapeutic ranges, n (%) Patients with trough levels above therapeutic ranges, n (%) Post TDM management  Dose escalation, n (%)  Dose reduction, n (%)  Switch to another TNFi, n (%)  Switch to non-TNFi biologic, n (%)  Stopped biologics, n (%)  No action, n (%) Clinical remission/low disease activity at follow-up, n (%) Non-responder/loss of response, n (%) Adverse events, n (%)	10 (9) 55 (50) 10 (9) 36 (32) 3 (3) 34 (31) 9 (8) 11 (10) 4 (4) 50 (45) 89 (80) 20 (18) 3 (3)	1 (0) 113 (63) 27 (14) 54 (28) 1 (0) 3 (2) 34 (17) 28 (14) 8 (4) 121 (62) 128 (65) 47 (24) 20 (10)

Abbreviations: ADA, anti-drug antibodies; TDM, therapeutic drug monitoring; TNFi, TNF inhibitor.