TABLE 2. Pregnancy and birth outcomes among pregnant women with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by symptom status* — SET-NET, 16 jurisdictions, March 29–October 14, 2020.
| Characteristic | No. of outcomes (%) [Total no. of women with available information] |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total |
Women with symptomatic infection† |
Women with asymptomatic infection |
Women with no symptom status reported |
|
| N = 4,442 | N = 2,315 (52.1) | N = 376 (8.5) | N = 1,751 (39.4) | |
|
Days from first positive RT-PCR test to pregnancy outcome
|
[3,278]
|
[2,104]
|
[278]
|
[894]
|
| Median (IQR) |
17.5 (1–58) |
23 (3–61) |
1 (0–12) |
12 (1–58) |
|
Induction of labor
|
[3,846]
|
[2,113]
|
[264]
|
[1,469]
|
| Induced |
1,091 (28.4) |
593 (28.1) |
78 (29.5) |
420 (28.6) |
|
Delivery type
|
[3,920]
|
[2,145]
|
[285]
|
[1,490]
|
| Vaginal |
2,589 (66.0) |
1,403 (65.4) |
195 (68.4) |
991 (66.5) |
| Cesarean |
1,331 (34.0) |
742 (34.6) |
90 (31.6) |
499 (33.5) |
| Emergent |
110 (39.6) |
72 (42.6) |
11 (37.9) |
27 (33.8) |
| Non-emergent |
168 (60.4) |
97 (57.4) |
18 (62.1) |
53 (66.3) |
|
Pregnancy outcome
|
[4,527] §
|
[2,372]
|
[384]
|
[1,771]
|
| Live birth |
4,495 (99.3) |
2,355 (99.3) |
379 (98.7) |
1,761 (99.4) |
| Pregnancy loss |
32 (0.7) |
17 (0.7) |
5 (1.3) |
10 (0.6) |
| Pregnancy loss <20 weeks |
12 (0.3) |
10 (0.4) |
2 (0.5) |
0 (0.0) |
| Pregnancy loss ≥20 weeks |
20 (0.4) |
7 (0.3) |
3 (0.8) |
10 (0.6) |
|
Gestational age among live births
|
[3,912]
|
[2,137]
|
[287]
|
[1,488]
|
| Term (≥37 weeks) |
3,406 (87.1) |
1,840 (86.1) |
244 (85.0) |
1,322 (88.8) |
| Preterm (<37 weeks) |
506 (12.9) |
297 (13.9) |
43 (15.0) |
166 (11.2) |
| Late preterm (34–36 weeks) |
357 (9.1) |
211 (9.9) |
28 (9.8) |
118 (7.9) |
| Moderate preterm (32–33 weeks) |
50 (1.3) |
32 (1.5) |
6 (2.1) |
12 (0.8) |
| Very preterm (28–31 weeks) |
69 (1.8) |
41 (1.9) |
6 (2.1) |
22 (1.5) |
| Extremely preterm (<28 weeks) |
30 (0.8) |
13 (0.6) |
3 (1.0) |
14 (0.9) |
|
Infant ICU admission among term live births,¶ n/N (%)
|
279/2,995 (9.3) |
158/1,558 (10.1) |
15/173 (8.7) |
106/1,264 (8.4) |
| Birth defects among live births,** n/N (%) | 28/4,447 (0.6) | 18/2,330 (0.8) | 2/371 (0.5) | 8/1,746 (0.5) |
Abbreviations: ICU = intensive care unit; IQR = Interquartile range; RT-PCR = reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction.
* Chi-squared tests of association was performed to compare outcomes between women with symptomatic and asymptomatic infection for induction of delivery, cesarean delivery, pregnancy loss, preterm birth, infant ICU admission, and birth defects and was found to be statistically nonsignificant (p>0.1) for all.
† Inclusive of women reported as symptomatic on the COVID-19 case report form (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/php/reporting-pui.html) or who had any symptoms reported on the COVID-19 case report form regardless of completion of the symptom status variable.
§ Pregnancy outcomes include 79 sets of twins and one set of triplets; therefore, number exceeds the number of women.
¶ Among term (≥37 weeks) infants only, reason for admission could include need for isolation of an otherwise asymptomatic infant based on possible SARS-CoV-2 exposure.
** Includes congenital heart defects (seven), cleft lip and/or palate (four), chromosomal abnormalities (four), genitourinary (four), gastrointestinal (two), cerebral cysts (one), talipes equinovarus (one), developmental dysplasia of the hip (one), supernumerary digits (one) and five had no birth defects specified. Total exceeds 28 because some infants had multiple birth defects reported.