. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Nov 5.

Published in final edited form as: Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2016 Mar 31;54(4):408–422. doi: 10.1597/15-120

Table 4:

Mean values and standard deviations in parentheses for rest and speech condition across the measures ABC angle (degrees), alpha angle (degrees), mean length of the right and left levator muscle bundles (mm), and angle or levator muscle origin at the base of the skull.

	Rest	Speech	Paired T-test
ABC Angle	142 (7)	80 (6)	t ₍₁₀₎ = 85.903, p = .000**
Alpha angle	155 (10)	176 (4)	t ₍₁₀₎ = −9.044, p = .000**
Levator muscle length	39.5 (2.9)	30.3 (4.4)	t ₍₁₀₎ = 11.808, p = .000**
Angle of levator muscle at origin	56 (2)	46 (3)	t ₍₁₀₎ = 11.9195, p = .000**
Adenoid thickness	4.7 (2.5)	--	--
Velar to adenoid depth	8.3 (1.9)	--	--

⁺

Adenoid thickness and velar to adenoid depth are represented in mm and were obtained only from the midsagittal image at rest.

α = 0.001 significance level