Table 1. Comparison of baseline, living habits and health status between case group and control group.
| Factor | Case (n = 105) | Control (n = 210) | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), yr | 55.0 (45.5–66.5) | 54.0 (45.0–68.0) | 0.889 |
| Male, n (%) | 48 (45.7) | 96 (45.7) | |
| Hypertension a, n (%) | 20 (19.0) | 40 (19.0) | |
| Diabetes a, n (%) | 3 (2.9) | 6 (2.9) | |
| Current smokers, n (%) | 23 (21.9) | 52 (24.8) | 0.575 |
| Secondhand smoking exposure b, n (%) | 22 (21.0) | 58 (27.6) | 0.200 |
| Low-dose alcohol intake c, n (%) | 11 (10.5) | 45 (21.4) | 0.017 |
| Fruits intake daily, n (%) | 51 (48.6) | 172 (81.9) | <0.001 |
| Regular diets, n (%) | 73 (69.5) | 181 (86.2) | <0.001 |
| Lack of sleep d, n (%) | 32 (30.5) | 31 (14.8) | 0.001 |
| Lunch break daily, n (%) | 59 (56.2) | 147 (70.0) | 0.015 |
| Physical activities e, n (%) | 59 (56.2) | 69 (32.9) | <0.001 |
| Hand hygiene, n (%) | 49 (46.7) | 146 (69.5) | <0.001 |
| Living alone, n (%) | 10 (9.5) | 22 (10.5) | 0.792 |
| Spicy food intake f, n (%) | 39 (37.1) | 58 (27.6) | 0.084 |
| Playing Mahjong g, n (%) | 32 (30.5) | 64 (30.5) | 1.000 |
| Cooking by oneselfe, n (%) | 62 (59.0) | 143 (68.1) | 0.112 |
| Alopecia, n (%) | 30 (28.6) | 21 (10.0) | <0.001 |
| Constipation, n (%) | 21 (20.0) | 40 (19.0) | 0.840 |
| Common cold ≥ 3 times a year, n (%) | 12 (11.4) | 23 (11.0) | 0.899 |
a Pre-existing condition.
b Duration of secondhand smoking exposure ≥ 1h per day.
c No more than 100g alcohol intake per week.
d Lack of sleep referred to sleep duration <7h per night.
e Equal to or more than 5 times a week.
f Equal to or more than 3 times a week.
g Equal to or more than once a week.
Abbreviation: IQR, interquartile range.