Table 5.

Comparison of the incidence of inpatient procedures associated with the ED encounter between periods, with comparisons of raw numbers and incidence rate ratios. Inpatient procedures include those performed in the cardiac catheterization lab, endoscopy suite, interventional radiology suite, or the operating room. A procedure was considered associated with an ED encounter if it occurred within 48 h of admission from the ED.

Inpatient Procedure	Baseline		Pandemic		Comparison
	n	Incidence*	n	incidence	difference (%)	IRR (95% CI)
Endoscopy	686	1.22	367	0.94	−46.5	0.77 (0.68–0.87)
Fracture Reduction and Fixation	265	0.47	188	0.48	−29.1	1.03 (0.85–1.24)
Appendectomy	191	0.34	150	0.38	−21.5	1.14 (0.92–1.41)
Cardiac Catheterization	147	0.26	106	0.27	−27.9	1.04 (0.81–1.34)
Debridement	134	0.24	89	0.23	−33.6	0.96 (0.73–1.26)
Cholecystectomy	121	0.21	94	0.24	−22.3	1.13 (0.86–1.48)
Cystoscopy or Ureteral Stent Placement	105	0.19	88	0.23	−16.2	1.21 (0.91–1.61)
Exploratory Laparotomy	77	0.14	88	0.23	+14.3	1.66 (1.22–2.25)
Incision and Drainage	55	0.10	36	0.09	−34.5	0.95 (0.62–1.45)
Craniotomy	55	0.10	39	0.10	−29.1	1.03 (0.68–1.55)