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. 2020 Oct 3;238(12):2795–2804. doi: 10.1007/s00221-020-05925-5

Table 1.

Participants’ mean arousal and valence ratings (and standard deviations)

Stimulus category Valence (SD) Arousal (SD)
Medium-shot snake 3.95 (1.25) 4.22 (2.11)
Close-up snake 4.35 (1.66) 4.07 (2.11)
Medium-shot spider 3.21 (1.28) 4.86 (2.22)
Close-up spider 3.40 (1.69) 5.47 (2.27)
Medium-shot bird 6.41 (1.28) 1.36 (.61)
Close-up bird 6.32 (1.14) 1.56 (.66)

Valence and arousal ratings are based on a rating scale from 1 to 9