Table 3.

Constructs and themes of the study based on theory of planned behavior.

Theme	Categories	Subcategories
Ambivalent attitude about breastfeeding	Perceived benefits of human milk	Better than formula
		Feel great and fulfilled
	Responsibility of breastfeeding	Take on maternal responsibilities
	Lactation deficiency	Cesarean section reduces lactation volume
		Lactation delay
	“Convenience” of formula milk	Easy access to formula
		Get more rest and freedom
Motivation to comply with the traditional cultural norms	Recommendation from healthcare professionals	Repeated encouragement from medical staff
		Conflicting advice
	Experiences and views of family members	Experiences from grandmothers
		Family’s confusion in breastfeeding
		The traditional view from older family members
	Peers’ influence	Follow the suggestions and behaviors
Barriers and challenges	Lack of knowledge and coping skills	Lack of active learning awareness
		Lack of relevant learning
	Pain and uncomfortable position	Incision pain
		Back pain
		Feeding position is limited and uncomfortable
	Regret and dissatisfaction	Inadequate preparation of surgery
		The unexpected result of delivery