Table 4.
Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated with Discharge Home
| Variable | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Patient Demographics | |||
| Method of Presentation | |||
| Elective | Ref | -- | -- |
| ED Surgery | 0.551 | 0.434–0.699 | <.0001 |
| Gender | |||
| Female | Ref | -- | -- |
| Male | 1.454 | 1.281–1.651 | <.0001 |
| Race | |||
| White | Ref | -- | -- |
| Black | 0.929 | 0.729–1.183 | 0.5496 |
| Hispanic | 1.182 | 0.888–1.573 | 0.2530 |
| Asian/ Pacific-Islander | 1.077 | 0.704–1.646 | 0.7335 |
| Age | |||
| <55 | Ref | -- | -- |
| 55–64 | 0.575 | 0.436–0.759 | <.0001 |
| 65–74 | 0.390 | 0.290–0.524 | <.0001 |
| >75 | 0.138 | 0.102–0.187 | <.0001 |
| Elixhauser Comorbidity Score | |||
| <0 | 0.879 | 0.634–1.219 | 0.4393 |
| 0 | Ref | -- | -- |
| 1–5 | 0.594 | 0.471–0.750 | <.0001 |
| 6–13 | 0.509 | 0.416–0.624 | <.0001 |
| 14+ | 0.370 | 0.300–0.456 | <.0001 |
| Biliary Obstruction | |||
| No | Ref | -- | -- |
| Yes | 1.056 | 0.878–1.272 | 0.5612 |
| Duodenal Obstruction | |||
| No | Ref | -- | -- |
| Yes | 0.600 | 0.326–1.104 | 0.1005 |
| Gastrointestinal Bleeding | |||
| No | Ref | -- | -- |
| Yes | 0.562 | 0.371–0.851 | 0.0065 |
| Primary Payer | |||
| Medicare | 0.623 | 0.508–0.764 | <.0001 |
| Medicaid | 0.765 | 0.549–1.067 | 0.1144 |
| Private Insurance | Ref | -- | -- |
| Self-Pay | 1.193 | 0.679–2.098 | 0.5391 |
| Other | 1.489 | 0.843–2.631 | 0.1703 |
| Median Household Income (by Pt ZIP) | |||
| $1–$38,999 | 0.789 | 0.652–0.955 | 0.0150 |
| $39,000–$47,999 | 0.842 | 0.704–1.006 | 0.0579 |
| $48,000–$62,999 | 0.925 | 0.775–1.104 | 0.3894 |
| $63,000+ | Ref | -- | -- |
| Hospital Characteristics | |||
| Hospital Bedsize | |||
| Small | 1.165 | 0.891–1.522 | 0.2645 |
| Medium | 1.022 | 0.838–1.245 | 0.8313 |
| Large | Ref | -- | -- |
| Ownership of Hospital | |||
| Government, Non-federal | 0.912 | 0.754–1.103 | 0.3426 |
| Private, Non-profit | Ref | -- | -- |
| Private, Investor-owned | 0.703 | 0.543–0.911 | 0.0077 |
| Hospital Location/ Teaching Status | |||
| Rural | 0.765 | 0.487–1.201 | 0.2449 |
| Urban, Non-teaching | 0.680 | 0.559–0.826 | 0.0001 |
| Urban, Teaching | Ref | -- | -- |
| Hospital Region | |||
| Northeast | Ref | -- | -- |
| Midwest | 0.867 | 0.716–1.051 | 0.1463 |
| South | 1.347 | 1.199–1.621 | 0.0017 |
| West | 1.143 | 0.930–1.406 | 0.2038 |
| Surgery Type | |||
| Whipple | 0.502 | 0.420–0.600 | <.0001 |
| Distal | Ref | -- | -- |
| Hospital Case Volume | |||
| ≤2 | Ref | -- | -- |
| 3–6 | 1.022 | 0.805–1.296 | 0.8601 |
| 7–25 | 1.248 | 0.998–1.561 | 0.0516 |
| ≥26 | 1.423 | 1.126–1.798 | 0.0031 |
| Complications | |||
| Surgical Comp | 0.567 | 0.443–0.726 | <.0001 |
| Pancreatic Fistula | 0.880 | 0.573–1.351 | 0.5591 |
| Wound Infection | 0.484 | 0.394–0.596 | <.0001 |
| Bleeding | 0.387 | 0.302–0.497 | <.0001 |
| CNS/Sepsis | 0.067 | 0.015–0.287 | 0.0003 |
| Cardiac | 0.582 | 0.432–0.782 | 0.0003 |
| Pulmonary | 0.778 | 0.529–1.142 | 0.2000 |