Table 5.

Thermodynamic parameters and binding affinity of glycol-NP - lectin interactions measured by ITC.⁵⁶

Entry	GNP	Ligand density	Lectin	ΔH (× 104 KJ mol−1)	-TΔS (× 104 KJ mol−1)	ΔG (KJ mol−1)	n	Na	Kd (nM)b	KD(μM)c	EF
1	Man-AuNP	3,600	Con A	−10.8	10.8	−39	0.00327	306	122	470	1.1
2	Man2-AuNP	1,400	CVNMutDB	−0.67	0.66	−44	0.00625	160	17	757	31
3	Man2-AuNP	110	Con A	−3.06	3.05	−39	0.0121	83	175	24	1.2
4	Man2-AuNP	260	Con A	−2.84	2.83	−40	0.0101	99	83	24	1.1
5	Man2-AuNP	1,400	Con A	−4.64	4.63	−43	0.00478	209	35	24	0.5

^aNumber of binding sites on glyco-AuNP N = 1/n

^bK_d: dissociation constant of glyco-AuNP with lectin

^cK_D: dissociation constant of the free carbohydrate ligand with lectin