Table 3.
Infection-related characteristics in nosocomial (hospital-acquired) COVID-19 cases.
| Variable | Nosocomial COVID-19 cases n = 14 |
|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis (days), median (IQR) | 14.5 (7–43) |
| Hospital unit, n (%) | |
| Neonatal intensive care unit | 4 (28.6) |
| Neonatal intermediate care unit | 10 (71.4) |
| Potential source of infection, n (%) | |
| Mother | 6 (42.9) |
| Healthcare workers | 6 (42.9) |
| Unknown | 2 (14.3) |
| Clinical signs and symptoms, n (%) | |
| Asymptomatic cases | 5 (35.7) |
| Fever | 5 (35.7) |
| Cough | 3 (21.4) |
| Hypoxemia | 2 (14.3) |
| Tachypnea | 3 (21.4) |
| Apathy | 1 (7.1) |
| Vomiting | 1 (7.1) |
| Diarrhea | 1 (7.1) |
| Neonatal diagnostic test, n (%)* | |
| PCR (nasopharyngeal exudate/aspirate) | 13 (92.9) |
| PCR (bronchoalveolar lavage) | 1 (7.1) |
| Laboratory test, n (%) | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL), median (IQR) | 12.6 (10.6–17.2) |
| Leucopenia (<5,000/mm3), n (%) | 1/12 (8.3) |
| Lymphopenia (<3,000/mm3), n (%) | 2/12 (16.7) |
| Thrombopenia (<100,000/mm3), n (%) | 1/12 (8.3) |
| C reactive protein (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 1.2 (0.4–3.9) |
| Procalcitonin (ng/mL), median (IQR) | 0.26 (0.15–2.1) |
| AST (U/L), median (IQR) | 41 (21.7–63.5) |
| ALT (U/L), median (IQR) | 24 (15.7–47) |
| Chest X-ray, n (%) | 8 (57.1) |
| Normal | 4 (50.0) |
| Ground-glass opacity | 1 (12.5) |
| Interstitial abnormalities | 2 (25.0) |
| Perihiliar thickening | 1 (12.5) |
| Respiratory support, n (%) | |
| None | 12 (85.7) |
| Oxygen | 2 (14.2) |
| High-flow nasal cannula | 1 (7.1) |
| Conventional intermittent positive pressure ventilation | 1 (7.1) |
| Pharmacotherapy, n (%) | |
| None | 10 (71.4) |
| Antibiotics | 2 (14.2) |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 2 (14.2) |
| Hospital stay length, median (IQR) | – |
| Follow-up upon hospital discharge, n (%) | 4 (28.6) |
*
All PCR tests performed in feces or urine resulted negative.
ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; PCR, polymerase chain reaction.