Table 3.
CGM Studies in the ICU in Adult Populations.
| Authors | Population | CGM type | CGM manufacturer | Performance measurement | Comparator |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goldberg et al50 | ICU (n: 22) |
CGMS | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy | Capillary by POC |
| Vriesendorp et al51 | OR, SICU (n: 8) | CGMS and GlucoDay | Medtronic MiniMed and A. Menarini Diagnostics (A. Menarini Diagnostics Ltd., Florence, Italy) | Accuracy and feasibility | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Corstjens et al52 | MICU (n: 45) | System Gold | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy | Arterial by blood gas analyzer, YSI (YSI 2300 STAT Plus glucose and lactate analyzer, YSI Life Science, Yellow Springs, OH, USA) and POC |
| De Blocket al53 | MICU (n: 50) |
Glucoday | A. Menarini Diagnostics | Reliability | Arterial |
| Price et al54 | Mixed ICU (n: 17) | Guardian | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy | Arterial by blood gas analyzer and POC |
| Holzingeret al55 | MICU (n: 50) |
System Gold | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and reliability | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Rabiee et al56 | SICU/Burn (n: 19) |
Dexcom STS | Dexcom | Accuracy and reliability | Capillary by POC and serum by Lab |
| Yamashita et al57 | ICU (n: 50) |
STG 22 | Nikkiso Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan) | Accuracy | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Logtenberg et al58 | Cardiac surgery ICU; (n: 30) | Paradigm | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and glycemic control | Capillary, arterial, and venous by POC |
| Holzinger et al59 | ICU, mechanical ventilation (n: 24) | Guardian | Medtronic MiniMed | Glycemic control (% time at glucose < 110 mg/dL), LOS, mortality | Arterial by blood gas analyzer and blinded Medtronic MiniMed System Gold CGM |
| Jacobs et al60 | ICU (n: 29) |
Guardian RT | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and feasibility | Capillary by POC |
| Brunner et al61 | MICU (n: 174) | Guardian & System Gold |
Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and reliability | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Lorencio et al62 | ICU (n: 41) |
Guardian | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Kalmovich et al63 | Perioperative cardiac surgery (n: 32) | System Gold Blinded | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and feasibility | Venous by blood gas analyzer |
| Kopecký et al64 | Cardiac ICU; n: 24 | Guardian RT | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and glycemic control | Arterial by blood gas analyzer and computer (enhanced model predictive control) algorithm alone |
| Leelarathna et al65 | Neurosurgical ICU (n: 24) | FreeStyle Navigator | Abbott Diabetes Care | Glycemic control | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Rodríguez-Quintanilla et al66 | CCU (n: 16) |
Guardian RT | Medtronic MiniMed | Time to normoglycemia | Venous and capillary by POC |
| Schuster et al67 | SICU (n: 24) | Guardian | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy | Capillary by POC |
| Boom et al68 | MICU/SICU (n: 156) |
FreeStyle Navigator | Abbott Diabetes Care | Accuracy and glycemic control | Arterial by blood gas analyzer, and POC |
| Kosiborod et al17 | Cardiac ICU (n: 21) |
Sentrino | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and reliability | Central venous by POC or lab |
| Umbrello et al69 | MICU (n: 6) | OptiScanner 5000 | OptiScan Biomedical | Glycemic control | Central venous by blood gas analyzer or lab (reported elsewhere) |
| Van Hooijdonk et al70 | ICU (n: 50) |
Sentrino | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and reliability | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Sechterberger et al71 | Cardiac ICU (n: 8) | FreeStyle Navigator | Abbott Diabetes Care | Accuracy | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Punke et al72 | SICU (n: 14) | Sentrino | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| De Block et al73 | MICU (n: 35) | GlucoDay S | A. Menarini Diagnostics | Accuracy and glycemic control | Arterial by blood gas analyzer and blinded microdialysis-based CGM |
| Ballesteros et al74 | MICU (n: 18) | Soft Sensor | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy | Capillary by POC |
| Nohra et al75 | SICU (n: 23) | Optiscanner 5000 | Optiscan Biomedical | Accuracy | Central venous by YSI |
| Wollersheim et al76 | MICU (n: 20) | Sentrino | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and feasibility | Arterial, central venous, or venous by blood gas analyzer |
| Gottschalk et al77 | Extracorporeal cardiac life support (n: 25) | Sentrino | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Righy Shinotsuka et al78 | ICU (n: 88) |
OptiScanner 5000 | Optiscan Biomedical | Accuracy | Arterial by YSI |
| Schierenbeck et al79 | Cardiac ICU (n: 26) | Freestyle Libre Subcutaneous-CGM vs Eirus Intravascular | Abbott Diabetes Care and Maquet Getinge Group | Accuracy | Arterial by blood gas analyzer and capillary by POC |
| Song et al80 | OR, ICU (n: 22) | Guardian | Medtronic MiniMed | Accuracy and reliability | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Rijkenberget al81 | Mixed ICU (n: 155) | FreeStyle Navigator | Abbott Diabetes Care | Accuracy and reliability | Arterial by blood gas analyzer |
| Ancona et al46 | ICU (n: 8) | FreeStyle Libre CGM | Abbott Diabetes Care | Accuracy and feasibility | Arterial by blood gas analyzer or capillary by POC |
| Bochicchio et al82 | ICU (n: 243) |
OptiScanner 5000 | OptiScan Biomedical | Accuracy | Arterial, central venous, or venous by YSI |
| Nukui et al83 | Acute stroke (n: 39) | FreeStyle Pro CGM | Abbott Diabetes Care | Accuracy and efficacy | Capillary by POC |
CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; ICU, intensive care unit; LOC, length of stay; MICU, medical ICU; OR, operating room; POC, point of care; SICU, surgical ICU.