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. 2020 Nov 5;10:19118. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-75933-6

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Invasion of HUVECs by S. mutans strains in the presence or absence of serum. (A) Invasion ratios of HUVECs after their incubation with the indicated S. mutans strains for 2 h at a multiplicity of infection of 100. Data are presented as the means ± SD of four technical replicates. ***p < 0.001 by ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post hoc test. (B) Representative confocal laser scanning microscopy images of S. mutans. Bacteria cells were stained red by using Alexa Fluor 555-conjugated anti-Cnm antibody. Scale bar, 10 µm. (C) Representative confocal laser scanning microscopy images of S. mutans TW295 invading HUVECs. Nuclei are stained blue (DAPI), bacteria cells are stained red (Alexa Fluor 555-conjugated anti-Cnm antibody), and actin filaments are stained green (Alexa Fluor 448-labelled phalloidin). Scale bar, 10 µm. All confocal laser scanning microscope images were taken using LSM510 (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochem, Germany).