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. 2020 Nov 6;30(4):521–536. doi: 10.1007/s10926-020-09936-5

Table 2.

Work primarily at home by disability status, 2009–2018

Figures reflect percent who primarily work at home (from American Community Survey)
All workers Employees Self-employed
No disability Disability No disability Disability No disability Disability
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
All 4.6% 5.7%** 2.8% 3.3%** 21.3% 23.1%**
Gender
Female 4.8% 6.0%** 3.0% 3.6%** 27.7% 29.9%**
Male 4.4% 5.4%** 2.6% 2.9%** 17.7% 19.6%**
Race and ethnicity
White non-Hispanic 5.3% 6.3%** 3.2% 3.5%** 23.0% 24.4%**
Black 2.8% 3.6%** 1.8% 2.4%** 21.1% 21.1%**
Hispanic 3.0% 4.1%** 1.8% 2.5%** 15.4% 17.6%**
Other 4.1% 5.4%** 2.9% 3.6%** 16.4% 19.4%**
Age
18–34 2.8% 3.2%** 2.0% 2.3%** 20.1% 20.4%
35–49 4.9% 4.8% 3.1% 3.0% 20.5% 21.2%
50–64 5.7% 5.7% 3.3% 3.3% 21.3% 22.3%**
65 plus 9.5% 10.4%** 4.7% 5.4%** 26.2% 26.4%
Education
No HS 3.3% 4.8%** 1.8% 3.0%** 13.3% 16.1%**
Some HS, no degree 2.7% 4.4%** 1.6% 2.6%** 14.0% 17.3%**
HS degree 3.2% 4.2%** 1.7% 2.3%** 17.2% 19.7%**
Some college 4.2% 5.6%** 2.6% 3.2%** 21.4% 24.1%**
Associate's 4.1% 5.1%** 2.5% 3.1%** 22.8% 23.5%
Bachelor's 6.6% 8.4%** 4.2% 4.9%** 28.3% 30.0%**
Master's 6.4% 8.6%** 4.3% 5.0%** 31.0% 32.8%*
Professional degree 5.0% 9.8%** 3.0% 4.9%** 11.7% 19.8%**
Ph.D 6.2% 11.8%** 4.1% 7.5%** 20.8% 28.7%**
Live alone
Yes 4.5% 5.6%** 2.7% 3.2%** 21.1% 23.0%**
No 5.3% 6.1%** 3.5% 3.7%** 22.7% 24.0%**
Live with children under age 18
Yes 4.7% 6.1%** 2.8% 3.5%** 21.7% 23.5%**
No 4.4% 4.6%** 2.7% 2.8% 20.7% 21.9%**
Live with elders age 65 or older
Yes 4.4% 5.1%** 2.7% 3.0%** 20.9% 22.3%**
No 6.0% 8.5%** 3.4% 4.7%** 23.9% 25.9%**
Live in house with Internet access
Yes 5.0% 6.1%** 3.2% 3.6%** 22.1% 24.2%**
No 4.2% 5.3%** 2.5% 3.0%** 20.6% 22.3%**
N 13,019,338 810,897 11,669,172 706,291 1,350,166 104,606

* Significant difference by disability status at p < 0.05

**p < 0.01