TABLE 1.
Characteristics of COVID‐19 patients treated with hydroxychloroquine for COVID‐19 infection
| Characteristic | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR) y | 65 (55‐75) |
| Age >65 | 45 (50) |
| Female gender | 33 (36.7) |
| BMI, mean (±SD) | 29.8 (±6.7) |
| Severity of illness | |
| Mild to moderate | 51 (56.7) |
| Severe/Critical | 39 (43.4) |
| QT prolonging medications prescribed during hospitalisation | |
| Loop diuretics (primarily furosemide) | 32 (35.6) |
| HCQ only | 26 (28.9) |
| HCQ and Azithromycin | 31 (34.4) |
| HCQ and other agents a | 33 (36.6) |
| ≥2 QT‐prolonging medications (including HCQ) | 65 (72.2) |
| Beta blockers treatment b | 19 (21) |
| Co‐morbidities | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 11 (12.2) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 9 (10) |
| Hypertension | 23 (25.6) |
| Congestive heart failure | 15 (16.7) |
| Chronic Kidney disease | 5 (5.6) |
| Obesity | 23 (25.6) |
| Electrocardiographic features, median (IQR) | |
| Baseline QTc, ms | 422 (405‐444) |
| Post‐treatment maximal QTc, ms | 445 (427‐470) |
| ΔQTc, ms | 23 (7‐33) |
| Day of maximal QTc | 4 (3‐5) |
| Selected laboratory parameters during hospitalisations, mean (±SD) | |
| eGFR c on admission in ml/min/1.73 m2 | 83.7 (32.6) |
| feGFR c on maximal QTc day in mL/min/1.73 m2 | 90.2 (38.2) |
| Highest CRP during HCQ treatment, mg/dL | 15.2 (11.1) |
BMI, body mass index, HCQ, Hydroxychloroquine‐sulphate; IQR, interquartile range; QTc, corrected QT interval (ms, milliseconds); ΔQTc, change in corrected QT interval (ms, milliseconds).
a
Other agents included quinolones (n = 7), antipsychotic medications (n = 16), anti‐depressive agents (n = 5), amiodarone (n = 5).
b
Beta blockers treatment refers to chronic (premorbid) state
c
Cockcroft‐Gault formula estimated GFR (eGFR).